Textile yarn sizing

Textile yarn sizing agents United States 4,189,416 1980 Monsanto... 

Huizenga, R., Mantingh, J., Pomp-De Wit, F., (1998). Amylopectin potato starch products as sizing agents for textile yarns. World Intellectual Property Organization, International Patent Applieation PCT/NL98/00063. 

Enzyme desizing is accomplished with greater ease on yarns sized with ETHYLEX than on yarns sized with most other textile starches. 

Fig. 12.28. Flow diagram for manufacture of textile glass fiber (1) glass batch (2) batch cans (3) marble forming (4) cullet cans (5) marbles (6) melting furnaces (7) filament yarn formation (8) gathering and sizing (9) yarn packaging (10) air jets (11) lubricant spray (12) collection for staple fibers (13) staple fiber packaging. (Courtesy Owens-Coming Fiberglass Corp.)...

Mkrofiber or microdenier fiber has become important in the fashion industry. The reason for this is the fine size of microfiber. It is finer than any natural textile fiber such as silk, wool, etc. Microfibers are nothing but polyester fibers with diameter <5 xm (or less than 1 den). Such fineness allows more filaments to be packed in the yarn. Fabrics using such tightly bundled filaments are said to have a buttery texture like velour or washed silk. They also have the desirable characteristics of polyester, namely wrinkle-resistance and durability. Such fabrics are used in men s wear, women s wear, rainwear, active wear and home furnishings. 

The earliest claim, before the development of the electrolytic process, was for the use of oxystarch as a textile sizing-agent because of its alkali-lability, it could easily be removed from the yarn. Another use in textiles is for a highly alkali-soluble lace-backing from periodate-oxidized, cyano-ethylated-cellulose textiles. Because of its aldehydic character, oxystarch has been claimed as a useful tanning agent. - Oxystarches (D.O. 40-... 

Polyurethane fibers are another niche application. These elastanes, the basis of Lycra , have nearly taken over the textile industry, displacing rubber threads (elastodienes) in the process. The high popularity of PU fibers is attributable to the good tensile strength and elasticity of highly segmented polyurethanes. In addition, elastanes can be processed in a variety of sizes, either as continuous filaments (yarns) or as shorter fibers. Rubber threads, on the other hand, are available solely as monofilaments. ... 

Fibers and textiles are well suited to NIR reflectance analysis. Analyses include identifying the type of fiber, the uptake of dyes, the presence of processing oil in polyester yarns, and the presence of fabric sizing agents. 

A variety of cellulose textile materials, including sized cotton yarns and chemically treated cotton fabrics were studied with fourier transform Infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (FT-IR/PAS) in our laboratory. The distribution of chemical additives into cotton yarns and fabrics was determined using FT-IR/PAS. It is concluded that FT-IR/PAS is a non-destructive and information-rich analytical technique which is uniquely suitable to the near-surface characterization of a variety of cellulose textile materials. The fundamentals of FT-IR/PAS are also reviewed. 

A variety of cellulose textile materials were studied using FT-IR/PAS In our laboratory. The distribution of sizing agents and finishing agents in cotton yarns and fabrics was determined. The results of these investigations are presented here. 

Uses Softener, plasticizer used in wax compds., textile softeners and sizes, yarn lubricants, grease sticks, polishes, crayons, candles, leather stuffing, wire drawing compds., paper coatings, and plastics Features Environmentally friendly... 

Fused acetate n. (1) A hard particle of acetate material of almost any shape or size other than recognizable fiber. Sometimes fused acetate particles resemble rock-like, hardened drops of acetate dope in other cases fused acetate consists of particles covered with fiber clusters and completely hardened in the center. (2) Acetate yarns in which the individual filaments are coalesced. Tortora PG (ed) (1997) Fairchild s dictionary of textiles. Fairchild Books, New York. 

Tenacity to- na-s9-te (1526) n. A term used in yarn and textile manufacturing to denote the strength of a yarn or filament of a given size. Numerically it is the Newton of breaking force per tex of lineal density (replacing the deprecated old unit, grams per denier). In testing tenacity, the yarn is usually pulled at the rate of 0.5cm/s. 

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