Tetrapentylammonium

Immunoassays have been based on the potentiometric measurement of marker ions such tetrapentylammonium ion (TPA ) that are loaded in phospholipid liposomes Complement mediated immunolysis of these loaded vesicles is caused... 

FIG. 9 Differential capacity C of the interface between 0.1 M LiCl in water and 0.02 M tetrabu-tylammonium tetraphenylborate ( ) or tetrapentylammonium tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phe-nyl]borate ( ) in o-nitrophenyl octyl ether as a function of the interfacial potential difference (From Ref 73.)... 

TABLE 1 Tetra-alkylammonium Ion, R4N, Transferred from W to DCE by the Coupling with the Redox Reaction Between NADH in W and a Quinone Derivative in DCE. Results After Shaking W Containing 10 M NADH and 10 M (R4N )2 SO4 with DCE Containing 10 M Quinone [Q Chloranil (CQ) or Toluquinone (TQ)] for 1 h. TPenA, TBA, and TEA Denote Tetrapentylammonium, Tetrabutylammonium, and Tetraethylammonium ions. Respectively... 

TABLE 3 Concentrations of Products After Shaking for 4 h W Containing O2 (Saturated with Air), 10 M (R4N )2S04 and 0.1 M Phosphate Buffer (pH = 7.0) with DCE Containing 10 M CQH2. TPenA, TBA and TEA Denote Tetrapentylammonium, Tetrabutylammonium and... 

Here, TPA and TPhB denote tetrapentylammonium ion and tetraphenylborate ion, respectively. 

Cyanide and thiocyanate anions in aqueous solution can be determined as cyanogen bromide after reaction with bromine [686]. The thiocyanate anion can be quantitatively determined in the presence of cyanide by adding an excess of formaldehyde solution to the sample, which converts the cyanide ion to the unreactive cyanohydrin. The detection limits for the cyanide and thiocyanate anions were less than 0.01 ppm with an electron-capture detector. Iodine in acid solution reacts with acetone to form monoiodoacetone, which can be detected at high sensitivity with an electron-capture detector [687]. The reaction is specific for iodine, iodide being determined after oxidation with iodate. The nitrate anion can be determined in aqueous solution after conversion to nitrobenzene by reaction with benzene in the presence of sulfuric acid [688,689]. The detection limit for the nitrate anion was less than 0.1 ppm. The nitrite anion can be determined after oxidation to nitrate with potassium permanganate. Nitrite can be determined directly by alkylation with an alkaline solution of pentafluorobenzyl bromide [690]. The yield of derivative was about 80t.with a detection limit of 0.46 ng in 0.1 ml of aqueous sample. Pentafluorobenzyl p-toluenesulfonate has been used to derivatize carboxylate and phenolate anions and to simultaneously derivatize bromide, iodide, cyanide, thiocyanate, nitrite, nitrate and sulfide in a two-phase system using tetrapentylammonium cWoride as a phase transfer catalyst [691]. Detection limits wer Hi the ppm range. 

This group also includes immuno-analysis using liposomes, containing a liquid antigen in the membrane and tetrapentylammonium ion (TPA ) inside. The antibody causes immunolysis of the liposome and liberation of TPA, which is determined by an ISE [51]. 

Tetrapentylammonium bromide [866-97-7] M 378.5, m 100-101°. Crystd from pet ether, benzene or acetone/ether and dried in vacuum at 40-50°. 

Polyamino acids or + tetrapentylammonium bromide Poly-L-proline (related to fish antifreeze protein) RF (Rogaland Research) ... 

Tetrabutylammonium bromide-quaternary ammonium surfactants Tetrapentylammonium bromide-quaternary ammonium surfactants For example, tributylammonium or tripentylammonium (better) headgroup Quaternary ammonium surfactants - >2 w-butyl, w-pentyl, isopentyl groups Replacing 1 or 2 small alkyl groups with long hydrophobic tail (8—18 carbon atoms)... 

FIGURE 7.9. Electrocapillary curves in the absence (curve 1) and presence (curve 2) of 1 mmol dm" in W. Supporting electrolytes 0.1 mol dm LiCl (W) and 0.1 mol dm tetr rentylammonium tetra enylb-orate (DCE). The aqueous solution on the reference side contains 5 mmol dm tetrapentylammonium chloride and 10 mmol dm MgCh. 

The enzyme assay components including internal standards are resolved within 3 minutes on a 4.6 mm x 3.3 cm, 3 gm reversed-phase ODS column (Perkin-Elmer). The mobile phase contained 0.100 M citric acid, 0.50 mW tetrapentylammonium chloride (an ion-pairing agent), 50 fiM EDTA, and 12.5% acetonitrile (v/v) titrated to pH 4.70 with NaOH. Eluted compounds were detected with an electrochemical detector. The separation obtained is shown in Figure 9.16. 

Fig. 1. Change in the potential at a nonpolarized ITIES with the concentration ratio, at 25 °C for the system RPh4B (nitrobenzene)/RCl(water), where R = tetrapropylammonium (Pr4N + ), tetrabutylammonium (Bu4N ), tetrapentylammonium (Pn4N ), or tetrahexylammonium (Hx4N ) ion and Ph4B = tetraphenylborate. (Reprinted from [47] with permission. Copyright The Chemical Society of Japan).

Tetrapentylammonium bromide See tetra- -amylammonium bromide above. 

As a diplatinum complex [Pt2(pop)4]" (pop = diphosphite) has an excited state with a long lifetime, ca. 7 ts, we selected it as the first sample [37]. For the cations, five alkylammonium cations were selected, as shown in Figure 5-23. For the tetrabutylammonium (Bu), tetrapentylammonium (Pn) and benzyltriethylammo-nium (Bzte) cations, there are two crystal forms, named Bui and Bu2, Pnl and Pn2, and Bztel and Bzte2, respectively. On analysis of these eight crystal structures, the Pt anions in all crystals except Bzdmp were found to have two extra protons the Pt anions should be represented as [Pt2(pop)2(popFI)2] hence only two cations are included for a Pt anion in those crystals. The Bu2 and Bzte2 crystals have a... 

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