Benzene reactions, with

Bromoethyl)benzene, reaction with ethyl phenylacetate, 47, 72 ic-Bromofluorides from olefins, 46,12 Bromofluorination of olefins, 46, 39... 

When r) values are plotted against the g values, Hammett s equation is satisfied for all the substituents except for bromine and iodine, as shown in Figure 12.2. The p value is 4.8, which is within the range of p values reported for a variety of substituted reactions such as nitration, bromination, and hydrolysis (Stock and Brown, 1956). Therefore, Hammett s equation for substituted benzenes reaction with e can be expressed as ... 

Imines have also been prepared by the reaction of iminophosphoranes with aromatic, heteroaromatic, aliphatic and a, 3-unsaturated aldehydes at reflux in dry benzene. Reactions with ketones were rather sluggish. Acetone was used as the reagent and the solvent and cyclohexanone was reacted at reflux in toluene for a prolonged period of time.235... 

In some cases POMs can oxygenate hydrocarbons. For example, the oxidation of alkanes and benzene by poly vanadate in CF3COOH to produce alkyl (phenyl) trifluoroacetates and ketones is stimulated by light [85]. In fact, the alkane and benzene reactions with the vanadate virtually do not proceed in the absence of light. On the other hand, ethylbenzene and toluene are rapidly oxidized in the dark reaction, even at 10 °C. 

As we have mentioned, benzene s aromaticity causes it to resist many of the reactions that alkenes typically undergo. However, chemists have been able to react benzene in other ways. This is fortunate because benzene rings are abundant in many of the compounds that society depends upon, including various medications, plastics, and preservatives for food. We begin our discussion of benzene reactions with processes that take place not on the ring itself, but at the carbon immediately bonded to the benzene ring. This carbon is known as a benzylic carbon. 

The series of hydrido phosphine-substituted clusters, [HWRu3(p4-BH)(CO)n x(PPh3)xCp] (x = 1, 2) have been prepared. The chemistry of the tungsten diyne [W(C = CC = CH)(CO)3Cp] with a number of ruthenium cluster complexes has been elaborated, and is summarised in Scheme 6. Reaction with [Ru3(CO)io(NCMe)2] afforded 151 which readily converted to the hydrido-alkynyl cluster 152 on refluxing in benzene. Reaction with the phosphine-substituted [Ru3( u-dppm)(CO)io] afforded three isomers of 153, a product analogous to 152. Cluster core expansion of 152 by reaction with [Co2(CO)s] or [Ru3(CO)i2]/[Fc2(CO)9] gave the linked clusters 154 and 155, respectively. 

---