Testing of Soils

Direct shear test of soils under consolidated drained conditions Consolidated-undrained triaxial compression test on cohesive soils One-dimensional consolidation properties of soils One-dimensional consolidation properties of soils using controlled-strain loading... 

The CQA plan covers all components of landfill construction, including foundations, liners, dikes, LCRSs, and the final cover. According to the rule,13 U.S. EPA may also require field permeability testing of soils on a test fill constructed prior to construction of the landfill to verify that the final soil liner will meet the permeability standards of 10 7 cm/s. This requirement, however, will not preclude the use of laboratory permeability tests and other tests (correlated to the field permeability tests) to verify that the soil liner will, as installed, have a permeability of 10-7 cm/s. 

Parkin TB, Doran JW, Franco-Vizcaino E (1996) Field and Laboratory Tests of Soil Respiration. SSSA Special Pub 49 231-246... 

J. F. Miller, Eds.), Chap. 9, Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI, 1991. Boyle, M., Radon Testing of Soils, Environ. Sci. Technol., 22,... 

Symptoms observed in phytotoxicity tests of soil-applied atrazine and metribuzin were similar to simazine, except they appeared more rapidly after application, progressed more quickly into the interveins, and caused the leaf margins to become necrotic. Symptoms observed in terbutryn and prometryn phytotoxicity tests were chlorosis in the leaf veins, rather than interveins, which is more typical of injury from diuron or terbacil. 

Environment Agency (2006). Performance standard for laboratories undertaking chemical testing of soil, March 2006, version 3. Environment Agency for England and Wales. 

One colorimetric technique still in use in archaeology is a field test for soil phosphate. Phosphate in soils and sediments is an indicator of past human activity. Phosphate testing of soil samples is used to look for such indications (Fig. 4.4). A small sample of soil is mixed with hydrochloric and ascorbic acid to release soluble phosphates. The reaction produces a distinctive blue color in the presence of phosphate and the intensity of the color reflects its concentration. Results can be determined by eye or with the use of an instrument. 

The second tier of assessment involves further site characterisation and the direct toxicity testing of soil samples. In terms of the latter, the following ex situ tests are recommended for consideration, depending on the site-specific assessment needs ... 

Cekerevac C, Laloui L, Vulliet L. 2003. Thermo-mechanical testing of soils equipment, procedures and experimental results. Submitted for publication. 

Source Rau, G., and Chaney, R.C., Triaxial testing of marine sediments with high gas contents. In Advanced Triaxial Testing of Soil and Rock, ASTM STP 977, Donaghe, R.T., Chaney, R.C., and Silver, M.L., eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 338-352,1988. Reprinted with permission from ASTM. mM = millimole... 

Source Jamiolkowski, M. et al., New developments in field and laboratory testing of soils. Proceedings cf the 11th Intematioml Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Vol. 1, Balkema, Boston, MA, 57-153,1985. Reprinted by permission of Taylor Francis Group (http //www. tandfonline.com). 

ASTM D5778. Standard Test Method for Electronic Friction Cone and Piezocone Penetration Testing of Soils. 

Campanella, R.G., Robertson, P.K., Gillespie, D.G., and Greig, J. 1985. Recent developments in in-situ testing of soils. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, San Francisco, CA. 

Lee, K.L., and Focht Jr., J.A. 1976. Cyclic testing of soil for ocean wave loading problems. Marine Geotechnology,1(4) 305-325. 

Kirkham, D., Zeeuw de, J.W. (1952). Field measurements for tests of soil drainage theory. 

CEN ISO/TS 17892-1 2004/AC. 2005. Geotechnical investigation and testing - Laboratory testing of soil - Fart 1 Determination of water content. Brussels CEN. 

Sampling and testing of soil materials are carried out according to established procedures. It is recommended to test all subgrade material within 600 mm of the planned elevation and in embankment areas to test the expected source of the fill material. Apart from the resilient modulus test (AASHTO T 307 2007 Asphalt Institute 1997), all other tests required... 

The earthquake engineering experimental facility at Northeastern University provides large-scale dynamic testing of soil samples under uniform cyclic or earthquake motions. It includes a shaking table (Fig. 21.2), a data acquisition card (NI-DAQ) and software (LabVIEW), a set of instmments including accelerometers (Crossbow, Ig, 2g, 5g, Fig. 21.3a), linear variable displacement transducers (LVDT, RDP DCTH400AG, Fig. 21.3b), miniature pore pressure transducers (GE Druck PDCR 81, Fig. 21.3c), and multiple bender element and bending disk measurement equipment for S and P wave measurements (Fig. 21.3c-e). 

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