Teratology Society

Teratology. Society (1994). FDA classification system of drugs for teratogenic risk. Teratology 49, 446- 47. 

European Teratology Society (ETS). Online. Available HTTP (accessed 1 April 2003). 

The Teratology Society is a multidisciplinary scientific society founded in 1960, the members of which study the causes and biological processes leading to abnormal development and birth defects at the fundamental and clinical level, and appropriate measures for prevention. ... 

Narotsky MG, Hamby BT, Mitchell DS, et al. 1992. Full-litter resorptions caused by low molecular weight halocarbons in F-344 rats. Teratology Society Abstracts. 472-473. 

Expert Workshop 2004 (Ispra, Italy), Society of Toxicology 2009 (Baltimore, US), the Teratology Society 2009 (Rio Grande, Puerto Rico), and the European Teratology Society 2009 (Arles, France). The purpose of this chapter is to briefly summarize results in relevant publications, views expressed in regulatory guidelines and opinions vented at the above-mentioned workshops. 

In 2007, the DART committee held a workshop on alternative assays, which was followed up by a workshop held at the European Teratology Society Annual Meeting in 2009. These workshops focused on three alternative assays (1) whole embryo culture (WEC), (2) mouse embryonic stem cell tests (mESC), and (3) zebrafish. Each assay was presented and data from users were shared, and strengths and limitations were discussed. It should be noted that the WEC and mESC are validated by ECVAM as alternative embryotoxicity assays. Still, there are numerous research needs before even validated tests can achieve regulatory acceptance. The discussions, conclusions, and recommendations of the 2007 workshop were published by Chapin et al. (14). Bullet lists of next steps to move forward were defined for each assay (14) and are briefly summarized here ... 

In 2009, the DART committee organized a follow-up workshop (held in conjunction with the European Teratology Society Annual Meeting) to the 2007 workshop, to evaluate researchers progress towards addressing those next steps for the WEC, mESC, and zebrafish. It was apparent in the 2009 workshop that much work needed to be done. A Zebrafish Consortium (scientists from Bristol-Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, and other companies) provided encouraging results at this workshop and is expected to finish their collaborative project at the end of 2011. 

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies medication into five categories—A, B, C, D, and X— which reflect the degree of risk to the fetus, based on available animal and human data (Physicians Desk Reference, 1995). Experts believe that this rating system can be misleading because it does not adequately elucidate the differences between risk categories (Teratology Society, 1994). A FDA subcommittee... 

Hughes EW Palmer AK (1980) An assessment of preweaning development and behaviour in safety evaluation studies. Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of the Experimental Teratology Society, Munster. 

Yasuda M, Nariat M. 1989. Modification of teratogenicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in mice with various factors [Abstract], Teratology (Japanese Teratology Society Abstracts) 40 678. 

Teratology Society position paper recommendations for vitamin A use during pregnancy. Teratology 1987 35(2) 269-75. 

Brent RL, Colie C, Daston G, et al. Teratology primer, The Teratology Society, Reston, VA, 2005. 

Degenhardt, K., Thalidomide effects in children. Presented at the Symposium Thalidomide and the Embryo, Third Annual Meeting of the Teratology Society, The Chantecler, Ste. Adele, Quebec, 1963. 

Teratology Society (1991) Recommendations for Isotretinoin use in woman of childbearing potential. Teratology AA 1-6... 

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