Teratogens polychlorinated

Marks, T.A., G.L. Kimmel, and R.E. Staples. 1981. Influence of symmetrical polychlorinated biphenyl isomers on embryo and fetal development in mice. I. Teratogenicity of 3,3, 4,4, 5,5 -hexachlorobiphenyl. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 61 269-276. 

SAFETY PROFILE Suspected human carcinogen. Moderately toxic by skin contact. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of CL. Used in heat transfer, hydraulic fluids, lubricants, and insecticides. See also POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS. 

DOT CLASSIFICATION 5.1 Label Oxidi2er SAFETY PROFILE Poison by intravenous route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. Ingestion of large quantities may cause gastroenteritis. Chronic exposure can cause anemia, nephritis, and methemoglobinemia. When heated, reaction with calcium hydroxide + polychlorinated phenols forms extremely toxic chlorinated benzodioxins. 

Biegel L, Howie L, Safe S. 1989b. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners as 2,3,7,8-TCDD antagonists Teratogenicity studies. Chemosphere 19 955-958. 

Birnbaum LS, Harris MW, Crawford DD, et al. 1987. Teratogenic effects of polychlorinated dibenzofurans in combination in C57BL/6N mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 91 246-255. 

Polychlorinated biphenyls, PCBs, are among the most hazardous human-made substances, distributed so widely that they have been classified as global POPs. They comprise a group of 209 structurally similar compounds, so called congeners, with diverse teratogenic, reproductive, immunotoxic, neurotoxic and carcinogenic effects. 

Polychlorinated dibenzo-1,4-dioxins are extremely toxic compounds [127] which are difficult to degrade biologically. This especially applies to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo[l,4]dioxin 15 (Seveso dioxin, TCDD) which is teratogenic. TCDD (LD50 = 45 pg kg" in rats) is formed as a byproduct in the commercial synthesis of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol 14. It is an intermediate in the production of the germicide hexachlorophene 16 and the herbicide (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid 17 ... 

Birnbaum, L. S., W. M. Harris, E. R. Barnhart, and R. E. Morrissey. 1987. Teratogenicity of three polychlorinated dibenzofurans in C57BL/6N mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 90(2) 206-16 cited in Chem. Abstr. CA 107(23) 213376s. 

I. Mechanism of toxicity. PCBs are irritating to mucous membranes. When burned, PCBs may produce the more highly toxic polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs see p 184). It is difficult to establish the specific effects of PCB intoxication because PCBs are neatly always contaminated with small amounts of these compounds. PCBs, and particularly the PCDD and PCDF contaminants, are mutagenic and teratogenic and are considered potential human carcinogens. 

Reproductive toxins pose a danger to both male and female workers. They can cause gene mutations and affect the reproductive system by affecting sperm count in males or fertility in females. Teratogens are chemicals that affect the offspring. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), cadmium, and methyl mercury are known reproductive teratotoxins. 

Polychlorinated biphenyls— A pathogenic and teratogenic industrial compound used as a heat transfer agent they accumulate in human or animal tissue. 

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