Technology planning

A balanced and flexible approach can ultimately be complementary to the more formalized requirements process for capabilities-based planning. While desired general capabilities such as biological detection or physical protection can be identified and used to pull the development of the countermeasure scenarios, specific requirements such as which agents and what distance or to what exclusion level are not always necessary and may deter innovation particularly in fundamental research and development. When the goal is to achieve revolutionary capabilities, such guidance can deter innovation. 

Proactive program management will also be required to foster such innovative research. Historical precedent, while not predictive, has shown that revolutionary breakthroughs occur at interdisciplinary junctions, and federal support for research in the US is strongly biased toward disciplinary research. In addition, 

Flexible approaches to nonproliferation and counterproliferation are important policy elements to reduce the risk of malfeasant application of nanotechnology. Past practices and policies that do not take the international nature and prominent commercial nanotechnology sector into account are increasingly rendered inadequate. 

Bridges must be built between the world of science and the world of human relations, bridges which can give shape and purpose to our technology and breathe heart and soul into our knowledge. 

One of the most important ways that the government can improve their efforts is to create and foster communication channels between technically trained individuals. 

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Is R D s role in the business understood Are technology plans developed and broadly understood Are R D resources organized in the best way to carry out its mission Is the organizational climate assessed Does the organization have measures for success Does the organization learn Audits in place ... 

Every business day there are more than 5000 research papers pubHshed and 1000 new patent documents issued. Analysis of these activities (52) can provide comparative indications of the impact, speed, science linkage, and technology linkage to firms around the world, adding an important element to strategic business and technology planning. 

R D and technology plans can also be analyzed with widely used portfoHo analysis (47), which provides visual correlations between variables such as potential value, probabiUty of success, time-to-completion, technology maturity, and project cost as a means of optimizing the plaimed effort. The analyses can be used to redirect effort and reallocate resources as a project progresses. 

Paulson, David J., "An Overview of and Definitions for Membrane Fouling," Osmonics, Inc. Presented at 5th Annual Membrane Technology/Planning Conference, October 1987, Cambridge, MA. 

Goldsmith, R. L. 1990. Low-cost ceramic membrane modules. Paper read at 1990 Eighth Annual Membrane Technology Planning Conference, October 16, Newton, MA. 

B.R. Breslau, P.H. Larsen, B.A. Milnes and S.L. Waugh, The Application of Ultrafiltration Technology in the Food Processing Industry, The 1988 Sixth Annual Membrane Technology/Planning Conference, Cambridge, MA (November, 1988). 

Frederick J. de Serres Technology Planning and Management Corp. (Research Consultant) Apr. 20,1997... 

Gallagher, P.M., 1990, Novel composite inorganic membranes for laboratory and process applications, presented at Annual Membrane Technology/Planning Conference, Newton. MA (USA). 

Gerster, D., 1986, State of mineral membranes in the world, in Proc. 4th Annual Membrane Technology/Planning Conf.. Cambridge, MA. USA (Business Communications Co.), p.l52. 

Glassner D. Ed. Applications in Biotechnology. Proceedings of the 10th Annual Membrane Technology Planning Conference. Business Communications, Norwalk, CA, 1992, pp. 158-165. 

The NCST in the science and technology plan for 1974-1979 (S6) has identified the following major problems for the industry. 

Science and Technology Plan. Natl. Committee on Sci. and Technol., Gov. of India, 1974. 

T3. Tilak, B. D., Report on Science and Technology Plan for the Chemical Industry, A General Overview, Vol. I. Gov. ofindia, 1973. 

Simultaneously, however, the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Science and Technology plans a new civilian R D initiative. 

Epstein, A. C., Batch Versus Continuous Systems for Ultrafiltration, Proc. Fifth Annual Membrane Technology Planning Conference, Cambridge (1987)... 

The National Committee on Science and Technology (NCST) has made an extended study to determine the types of research which are now necessary. Many questionnaires were circulated throughout the industry and the results were analyzed. From this study the NCST technological plans (26, 27, 28, 29, 30) have been published which outline the research needs of the industry. There are two reports which pertain particularly to the chemical industry (29, 30). These documents are being used for national planning and are influencing the allocation of research funds. 

Science and Technology Plan, National Committee on Science and Tech-... 

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