Detection biological

R. F. Tay oT,AdvancedImmunologicalTechniques for Biological Detection, U.S. Army CRDC Document CRDC-CR-84-113, Washington, D.C., 1984. 

Partial list of chemical/biological detection system developers, 26... 

Partial list of technologies being investigated for various stages of chemical/ biological detection systems, 27... 

Finding 3 Many alternative chemical/biological detection technologies are being investigated in university, industry, and government laboratories, and various military prototype systems have been developed however, it is very difficult to independently evaluate all of the performance claims for these technologies. 

A staggering number of papers are published each year in the literature on various candidate chemical/biological detection systems. Researchers and manufacturers make diverse claims of detection limits, sensitivity, false-alarm rates, and robustness for these systems. The committee believes that in many cases, researchers emphasize the strengths of their particular detection systems while minimizing or ignoring their flaws. This practice makes it virtually impossible to evaluate the likely performance of a detection system in real-world air transportation environments. 

In the event that chemical/biological detection systems become available with appropriate cost and performance at-... 

Stamey, T. A. Lower limits of detection, biological detection limits, functional sensitivity, or residual cancer detection limit/sensitivity reports on prostate-specific antigen assays mislead clinicians. Clin. Chem. 42, 849-850 (1996). 

Figure 1. US Army s Long Range Standoff Biological Detection System operates off a Black Hawk Helicopter and uses LIDAR to detect changes in particle concentration2.

Dendrimers can be used to effectively coat and passivate fluorescent quantum dots to make biocompatible surfaces for coupling proteins or other biomolecules. In addition, the ability of dendrimers to contain guest molecules within their three-dimensional structure also has led to the creation of dendrimer-metal nanoclusters having fluorescent properties. In both applications, dendrimers are used to envelop metal or semiconductor nanoparticles that possess fluorescent properties useful for biological detection. 

The creation of photonic structures for chemical and biological detection has been possible through nanofabrication5-10. 

The U.S. Department of Justice also has two very necessary reports for first responder organizations and hazardous materials response teams. The first such report is entitled An Introduction to Biological Agent Detection Equipment for Emergency First Responders the second such report is entitled Guide for the Selection of Chemical and Biological Detection Equipment for Emergency First Responders. Both are available online at http //www.ojp. usdoj.gov. 

Alivisato P (2004). The use of nanocrystals in biological detection. Nature Biotechnol. 

J.M. Johnston, Canine Detection CapabUities Operational Imphcations of Recent R D Findings. Institute for Biological Detection Systems, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 1999. 

---