Target products

Mixer 6 undefined mixture in region II B5 = water (target product) M6 = mixture in region III... 

Define program goals for target products or seivices within the chosen market. 

Plot properties of the fresh and equilibrium catalysts ensure that the catalyst vendor is meeting the agreed quality control specifications. Verify that the catalyst vendor has the latest data on feed properties, unit condition, and target products. Verify the fresh makeup rate. Check for recent temperature excursions in the regenerator or afterburning problems. 

A PVC-poor light fraction separated from mixed plastic household waste was pyrolysed to yield aromatic oils and heat-providing gas. Target products were benzene, toluene, xylenes, and styrene. Problematic pollutants were... 

The application of a selective pyrolysis process to the recovery of chemicals from waste PU foam is described. The reaction conditions are controlled so that target products can be collected directly from the waste stream in high yields. Molecular beam mass spectrometry is used in small-scale experiments to analyse the reaction products in real time, enabling the effects of process parameters such as temperature, catalysts and co-reagents to be quickly screened. Fixed bed and fluidised bed reactors are used to provide products for conventional chemical analysis to determine material balances and to test the concept under larger scale conditions. Results are presented for the recycling of PU foams from vehicle seats and refrigerators. 12 refs. 

These so-called Pareto-based techniques do not force consolidation over multiple criteria in advance and aim to return a representation of the set of optimal compounds. They support discussion between team members who may have different views on the downstream impacts of different risk factors perhaps, for example, one team member may know that there is a reliable biomarker for one potential side-effect. This would then mean that assessing this risk need not consume much development time and cost, and the risk factor can have a reduced weighting within the target product profile being evolved by the team. 

Bayesian networks for multivariate reasoning about cause and effect within R D with a flow bottleneck model (Fig. 11.6) to help combine scientific and economic aspects of decision making. This model can, where research process decisions affect potential candidate value, further incorporate simple estimation of how the candidate value varies based on the target product profile. Factors such as ease of dosing in this profile can then be causally linked to the relevant predictors within the research process (e.g., bioavailability), to model the value of the predictive methods that might be used and to perform sensitivity analysis of how R D process choices affect the expected added... 

The list of normalized terms, synonyms and local terms for each concept type (e.g., DISEASES—COMPANIES—TARGETS—PRODUCTS— MODES OF ACTION) in each source, as deemed relevant for the creation of the UltraLink... 

Molar ratios of bromine to m-nitrotoluene ranging from 0.25 to 1.00 were applied. The reactants were contacted in an interdigital micro mixer followed by a capillary reactor. At temperatures of about 200°C nearly complete conversion is achieved (see Fig. 6). The selectivity to the target product benzyl bromide is reasonably high (at best being 85% at 200°C and higher being 80%). The main sideproduct formed is the nitro-substituted benzal bromide, i.e. the two-fold brominated side-chain product. 

Important results and a detailed insight into aqueous chemical deposition processes have been reported and discussed elsewhere for CdSe [248, 249] and ZnS [250, 251] target products. We should note also the work of Davies et al. [252] who described an alternative method for the chemical growth of metal sulfides and selenides on the basis of polysulfide or polyselenide solutions (containing hexa- and tetra-chalcogen anions) formed by the dissolution of sulfur or selenium in hydrazine monohydrate. ... 

Table 4.4 Yields obtained for the target product and side/consecutive products using a laboratory-scale set-up with caterpillar steel micro mixer [48].

The electrosynthesis of 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (anisaldehyde) from 4-methoxy-toluene by means of direct anodic oxidation is performed on an industrial scale [69]. Via an intermediate methyl ether derivative, the corresponding diacetal is obtained, which can be hydrolyzed to the target product. The different types of products - ether, diacetal, aldehyde - correspond to three distinct single oxidation steps. 

Figure 5.23 Simulated selectivity versus conversion of toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI). P, is the target product 1-chloromethyl-2,4 diisocyanatobenzene P2 is the side-product 5-toluene-5-chloro-2,4-diisicyanate Pj represents high-molecular-weight consecutive products [6],...

One can see that the forms of equations (4.4) and (4.5) are identical. It is clear that RME (AE) and Em (Emw) describe material efficiency from different points of view, the former with respect to the target product and the latter with respect to the waste products. Figure 4.1 shows the interconnections between the key material green metrics presented above. 

NAMEOF TARGET PRODUCT (rans-Benzal acetophenone ... 

Scheme 4.3 shows example reactions that produce more than one geometric or stereoiso-meric product. If we consider all isomers as the global target product then the reaction yield with respect to limiting reagent is designated as overall and the expression for RME as given in equation (4.1) is used with this modification. If we wish to evaluate the RME for any one specific isomer then we multiply the overall reaction yield for all isomeric products by the fraction of the total isomeric product that represents the specific isomer and substitute that value for e in equation (4.1). This fraction maybe easily obtained from the product ratio. 

---