Table salt, iodized

If the necessary iodine input is insufficient the thyroid gland enlarges in an attempt to gamer more iodine addition of 0.01% Nal to table salt (iodized salt) prevents this condition. Tincture of iodine is a useful antiseptic. 

Iodine is concentrated in humans by the thyroid gland to form the iodo-amino acid thyroxine, which is essential to normal health and development. Iodine is a rather rare element (crustal abundance 0.00003 weight %, cf. Table 1.1), so the thyroid gland has become very efficient at scavenging iodide ion. As iodine is deficient in the diet in some locations, a small amount of iodide ion is routinely added to commercial table salt ( iodized salt ). 

A common use of iodine is as KI in table salt. Iodized salt provides the small amount of iodine necessary in our diets it is essential for the formation of thyroxin, a hormone secreted by the thyroid gland. Lack of iodine in the diet results in an enlarged thyroid gland, a condition called goiter. 

Iodized Salt. Iodized table salt has been used to provide supplemental iodine to the U.S. population since 1924, when producers, in cooperation with the Michigan State Medical Society (24), began a voluntary program of salt iodization in Michigan that ultimately led to the elimination of iodine deficiency in the United States. More than 50% of the table salt sold in the United States is iodized. Potassium iodide in table salt at levels of 0.006% to 0.01% KI is one of two sources of iodine for food-grade salt approved by the U.S. Food and Dmg Administration. The other, cuprous iodide, is not used by U.S. salt producers. Iodine may be added to a food so that the daily intake does not exceed 225 p.g for adults and children over four years of age. Potassium iodide is unstable under conditions of extreme moisture and temperature, particularly in an acid environment. Sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate is added to increase alkalinity, and sodium thiosulfate or dextrose is added to stabilize potassium iodide. Without a stabilizer, potassium iodide is oxidized to iodine and lost by volatilization from the product. Potassium iodate, far more stable than potassium iodide, is widely used in other parts of the world, but is not approved for use in the United States. 

Potassium iodide is added as a nutrient to prevent goiter, a thyroid problem caused by lack of iodine, and to prevent a form of mental retardation associated with iodine deficiency. A project started by the Michigan State Medical Society in 1924 promoted the addition of iodine to table salt, and by the mid-1950s three-quarters of U.S. households used only iodized salt. Potassium iodide makes up 0.06 percent to 0.01 percent of table salt by weight. Sometimes cuprous iodide—iodide of copper—is used instead as the source of iodine. 

When iodine dissolves in organic solvents, it produces solutions having a variety of colors. These colors arise from the different interactions between the I2 molecules and the solvent (Fig. 15.21). The element is only slightly soluble in water, unless I ions are present, in which case the soluble, brown triiodide ion, I,, is formed. Iodine itself has few direct uses but dissolved in alcohol, it is familiar as a mild oxidizing antiseptic. Because it is an essential trace element for living systems but scarce in inland areas, iodides are added to table salt (sold as iodized salt ) in order to prevent an iodine deficiency. 

Water. It should come as no surprise that ordinary water can be an excellent solvent for many samples. Due to its extremely polar nature, water will dissolve most substances of likewise polar or ionic nature. Obviously, then, when samples are composed solely of ionic salts or polar substances, water would be an excellent choice. An example might be the analysis of a commercial iodized table salt for sodium iodide content. A list of solubility rules for ionic compounds in water can be found in Table 2.1. 

Potassium iodide (KI) is added to table salt (known as iodized salt) to help prevent enlargement of the thyroid gland, a condition known as a goiter. 

Iodized salt prophylaxis. Goiter is endemic in regions where soils are deficient in iodine. Use of iodized table salt allows iodine requirements (150-300 pg/d) to be met and effectively prevents goiter. 

Substitutions Sodium chloride is simply common table salt. However, in the United States, it is almost always mixed with iodine and the iodine is variable in nature and amount. Therefore, if you wish to buy your sodium chloride from your grocer, use Kosher salt, which is not iodized. 

Iodine is necessary for the proper function of the thyroid gland in humans. Dietary deficiencies can be avoided by the occasional consumption of seafood or by using iodized salt, which combines common table salt (NaCl) with potassium iodide (KI). Iodine is a useful antiseptic, either as tincture of iodine (an alcohol solution of I2), or as an aqueous solution of provi-done iodine (Betadine). see also Halogens Inorganic Chemistry. 

Most people buy table salt that is iodized. Iodized means that iodide ions (I-) have been added to promote thyroid health. How many protons does this iodide ion have Electrons Neutrons ... 

Low iodine levels can be easily corrected. In most developed countries today, companies that make table salt add a small amount of potassium iodide (Kl) to their salt. The salt is labeled "iodized salt." People who use iodized salt get all the iodine they need for normal thyroid function. 

Precautions Iodized table salt (NaCl) and rock salt made from calcium chloride (CaCI) are not reeommended. Older plants are more salt-tolerant than young ones, so wait a year after planting a new bed before applying salt. 

Iodine is an essential trace element in human nutrition, and iodides are often added to table salt. This iodized salt prevents iodine deficiency, which leads to the enlargement of the thyroid gland in the neck (a condition called goiter). 

The label on this box of table salt says that the salt is iodized. This means that the salt contains a small amount of the iodide ion, another biologically essential element. Iodine is absorbed by the thyroid gland, which regulates metabolism in the body. A swollen thyroid gland in the neck may indicate a lack of this trace element... 

Iodized table salt (or other product containing sodium thiosulfate)... 

Iodine deficiency in the diet may result in enlargement of the thyroid gland (known as goiter). Iodized table salt sold in the United States usually contains 0.01 percent KI or Nal, which is more than sufficient to satisfy the 1 mg of iodine per week required for the formation of thyroxine in the human body. 

Table salt is pure salt that has been ground into fine particles. Because salt tends to cake in humid climates, an anti-caking agent such as magnesium carbonate or calcium silicate is often added. Table salt is also available as iodized salt with 0.1 percent potassium iodide by weight. Because iodide ion is essential to thyroid gland fimction, the routine use of iodized salt ensures adequate iodine in the diet. 

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