Translaminar systemicity

Azoxystrobin is a synthetic analog of naturally occurring strobilurins and oudemansins. The preventative, curative, eradicant, translaminar and systemic properties facilitate control of a wide range of major plant pathogens in many crops... 

No systemic or translaminar activity was detected when azoxystrobin, CAY-1, or sampangine was applied 24 hrs after inoculation with C. fragariae (Pre, Table 1). 

Systemic insecticide with translaminar activity and with contact and stomach action... 

Systemic insecticide with translaminar activity and with contact and stomach action. Readily taken up by plant and further distributed acropetally, with good root-systemic action... 

When used on plants action is systemic. If applied to leaves, it exhibits a strong translaminar effect, applied to soil it is translocated acropetally after absorption by roots... 

Pirimicarb is a selective aphicide against organophosphate-resistant green peach aphids on a wide variety of crops including cereals, fruits, potatoes, sugar beets, and vegetables. It kills insects by contact, translaminar, systemic action, and vapor. Its oral LD50 in rats is 147 mg/kg. 

The physicochemical properties of fluopicolide (Table 19.1) allow it to be easUy redistributed via the xylem (acropetal systemic activity) and translocated within the leaf tissues, providing a translaminar activity. 

Gryomazine [N-cyclopropyl-l,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine. Trigard, CGA 72662 (Giba-Geigy now Syngenta AG)] is another member of the thiadiazine class of chemistry, introduced in 1985 as a foliar spray with systemic and translaminar activity against leaf miners in vegetables, potatoes and ornamentals. It interferes... 

In addition, although it is not systemic it displays translaminar activity pests located on the underside of the leaf are controlled even if they are not directly hit by the spray. This property is especially valuable in crops that produce dense canopies such as cotton, and may be the result of vapor phase activity [15, 19] and/or efficient uptake into the leaf cuticle [21]. 

Uptake of chlorfenapyr is mainly by ingestion and secondarily by contact. Owing to its unique mode of action, chlorfenapyr controls pests resistant to other insecticide chemical classes and no instances of target site cross-resistance have been observed. It exhibits good translaminar movement in plants but very limited systemicity. 

The outstanding characteristic of 1 is its insecticidal activity by translaminar action and translocation. Because of its high water solubility, 1 shows good systemic activity and no phytotoxic effects. Therefore, 1 can control pests by special soil treatment methods such as planting hole application, plant foot treatment before and after transplanting, and soil incorporation, e.g., application combined... 

The penetration and translocation behavior of [ " C]-9 [59] in cabbage is comparable that those reported for imidacloprid (1). Translaminar and acropetal aphicidal efficacy clearly confirmed that 9 can be systemically translocated. The... 

The physicochemical properties of flonicamid (12) (Table 30.1.8) [36, 37] (e.g., low log P, high water solubility) favor systemic and translaminar activity. Flonicamid (12) has little tendency to persist due to its fast degradation, and its moderate soil mobility is negated by rapid metabolism and mineralization. 

Translaminar movement is often critical for both fungicidal and insecticidal applications. Often the spray effectively reaches just the dorsal surface of die leaf, but fungus and insects (such as aphids) also reside on the ventral surface of the leaves. Compoimds that have mesostemic systemicity can also show translaminar effects. We have also observed that translaminar systemicity can be seen when there is either a sufficiently low logP or sufficiently high vapor pressure, or a favorable combination of both properties. An example of such translaminar systemicity has been seen with compounds like carbosulfan and fipronil ... 

The knockdown and residual aphicidal activity of an insecticide depends on one or more of these biological properties (a) contact advity, (b) translaminar systemicity, (c) downward or phloem systemicity, (d) upward or xylem systemicity, and (e) inherent efficacy against insecticide-resistant aphids. We have compared RH7988 with several important commerdal aphicidal compounds for these properties through laboratory tests. 

TRANSLAMINAR SYSTEMICITY The translaminar activity refers to the ability of a chemical to to translocate fix)m the treated leaf surface (upper leaf surface) to the untreated leaf surface (lower leaf surface) within the same leaf. This property is very important because aphids live on the under leaf surface while the the insecticide spray deposits fall primarily on the upper leaf surface. Also, translocation within the leaf is important as it is virtually impossible to treat the entire leaf surface under field conditions. 

RH7988 RELATIVE TRANSLAMINAR SYSTEMIC EFFICACY AGAINST... 

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