Synthetic fibers spinning

EMEREST Glycerol Esters are based on fatty acids. In the leather and textile industries, they are used as components in lubricants, softeners, and dye carriers, and as co-emulslfiers for synthetic fiber spin finishes. Industrial applications include uses as lubricants, rust preventatives, and mold release agents. 

Has a monoester content of 50-60%, free glycerol 1%, and moisture 1%, maximum. It is used as a component in mold release agents, a vehicle for agricultural insecticides, an anti-icing fuel additive, and a rust preventive additive for compounded oils. It is used in the textile industry as a lubricant component in synthetic fiber spin finishes. 

Is a water-soluble surfactant used as a base lubricant for synthetic fiber spin finishes, open end spinning, and overspray finishes. It is also an excellent co-emulsifier and coupling agent for many formulations. 

Is used in the textile industry as an antistat and lubricant for wool and synthetic fiber processing, and as a co-emulsifier and antistat in synthetic fiber spin finishes. It is also an anti-precipitant, leveling, and migrating agent in various dyeing procedures, and an antistat in carpet shampoos. 

Use Solvent extraction, plasticizer, organic synthesis, natural gas purification, synthetic fiber spinning solvent. 

Two other amide-type solvents are the cyclic five-member heterocyclic 2-pyrrolidone and N-methyl 2-pymolidone. As shown in the solvent-resin solubility profile in Table 10.8 these two solvents dissolve a wide variety of resins. Both 2-pyiTolidone and N-methyl 2-pyirolidone are used as coalescent aids in floor polish formulations [11]. N-methyl 2-pyirolidone is an important component in many paint stripper formulations as well as a solvent for the removal of polymeric residues from reactor vessels. The solvent is used as a reaction medium for high molecular weight polymers, a synthetic fiber spinning medium, and as an aid in pigment dispersions. In the petrochemical industry N-methyl... 

Industrial lubricant used in aluminiun foil rolling and wire drawing, component in synthetic fiber spin finishing and fiber and yarn processing products. 

Component in mold release agents and synthetic fiber spin finishes insecticide vehicle, antiicing fuel additive and rust preventative for compounded oils. 

Spin dyeing Synthetic fiber spinning machine Yarns spun from dyed raw material... 

Moisture Absorbency. PVA fiber is more hygroscopic than any other synthetic fiber. The hygroscopicity varies depending on how the fiber is processed after spinning, ie, in heat-drawing, he at-treatment, acetalization, and the like. 

Asahi Chemical Industries (ACl, Japan) are now the leading producers of cuprammonium rayon. In 1990 they made 28,000 t/yr of filament and spunbond nonwoven from cotton ceUulose (65). Their continuing success with a process which has suffered intense competition from the cheaper viscose and synthetic fibers owes much to their developments of high speed spinning technology and of efficient copper recovery systems. Bemberg SpA in Italy, the only other producer of cuprammonium textile fibers, was making about 2000 t of filament yam in 1990. 

Synthetic Fiber and Plastics Industries. In the synthetic fibers and plastics industries, the substrate itself serves as the solvent, and the whitener is not appHed from solutions as in textiles. Table 6 Hsts the types of FWAs used in the synthetic fibers and plastic industries. In the case of synthetic fibers, such as polyamide and polyester produced by the melt-spinning process, FWAs can be added at the start or during the course of polymerization or polycondensation. However, FWAs can also be powdered onto the polymer chips prior to spinning. The above types of appHcation place severe thermal and chemical demands on FWAs. They must not interfere with the polymerization reaction and must remain stable under spinning conditions. 

HoUow fibers can be prepared from almost any spiunable material. The fiber can be spun directly as a membrane or as a substrate which is post-treated to achieve desired membrane characteristics. Analogous fibers have been spun in the textile industry and are employed for the production of high bulk, low density fabrics. The technology employed in the fabrication of synthetic fibers appUes also to the spinning of hoUow-fiber membranes from natural and synthetic polymers. 

Gross-Sectional Shape. Fibers vary in cross-sectional shape both naturally and by design (1,2,19). Whereas wool fibers are essentially round, cotton fibers are eUiptical or kidney-shaped. In synthetic fibers, the cross-sectional shape is deterrnined by the method of spinning and the shape of the spinnerette hole through which the fiber is extmded (3,22). 

The primary driving forces behind investigation of new solvents include environmental concerns and the abiUty to form Hquid crystals in the new solvent systems. By analogy with Kevlar, a synthetic aromatic polyamide fiber, spinning from a Hquid crystalline solution should yield cellulose fibers with improved strength, as has been demonstrated in laboratory experiments. 

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