Sym-tetrachloroethane

Carbon tetrachloride Ethylene chloride. Trichloroethylene. Propylene chloride. Ethylene chlorobromide 1 1 2-Trichloroethane Trimethylene chloride Tetrachloroethylene Trimethylene chlorobromide sym. Tetrachloroethane 1 4 Dichlorobutane 1 2 3-Trichloropropane Pentachloroothane. ... 

If phosphorus pentachloride is reacted with ammonium chloride in an inert solvent such as sym-tetrachloroethane, polymers will be formed by the following reaction... 

The traditional and most extensively used method of synthesis of chlorocyclophosphazenes [NPCl2] involves the reaction of finely ground ammonium chloride with phosphorus pentachloride in a high boiling solvent such as sym-tetrachloroethane. This reaction affords a mixture of cyclic and linear products from which the individual products have to be separated, usually by fractional distillation in high vacuum (1, 5,17,18,35-39), (Eq. 1) ... 

AH value, from E.J. Dix, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Rochester, New York, 1994. fTCE = sym-tetrachloroethane. 

Synonyms Acetylene tetrachloride sym-tetrachloroethane 1,1 -dichloro-2,2 -dichloro-... 

Place a mixture of 10 g. of the hydrocarbon, 10 ml. of dry methylene chloride or ethylene dichloride or sym. tetrachloroethane, 2 5 g. of powdered anhydrous aluminium chloride and 1 2 g. of pure phthalic anhydride in a 50 ml. round-bottomed flask fitted with a short reflux condenser. Heat on a water bath for 30 minutes (or until no more hydrogen chloride fumes are evolved), and then cool in ice. Add 10 ml. of concentrated hydrochloric acid cautiously and shake the flask gently for 5 minutes. Filter off the solid at the pump and wash it with 10-15 ml. of cold water. Boil the resulting crude aroylbenzoic acid with 10 ml. of 2 5N sodium carbonate solution and 0 2 g. of decolourising carbon for 5 minutes, and filter the hot solution. Cool, add about 10 g. of crushed ice and acidify... 

The cleavage of dodecamethylcyclohexasilane by phosphorus penta-chloride in sym-tetrachloroethane (66), anhydrous hydrogen chloride or tert-butyl chloride (56) (see Section II, C, l,c) provides a convenient approach to synthesis of certain a,tu-dichloro permethylated polysilanes. 

Cyclization of Anhydrides. Instead of the acid chloride, an intramolecular anhydride of the type LXXIX may be used for cyclization by the Friedel-Crafts reaction (Table VII, examples marked by h ). This resembles the intermolecular acylation with succinic anhydride, and a similar procedure is generally followed. The product of ring closure is a keto acid LXXX. Nitrobenzene 9i 6,1120 is a generally effective solvent for the reaction sym-tetrachloroethane also may be used.121... 

In a 2-1. three-necked flask provided with a stirring apparatus, a thermometer, and a reflux condenser fitted with a calcium chloride tube is placed 139 g. (2 mols) of finely powdered hydroxylammonium chloride, [HsNOHJCl, that has been dried over calcium chloride for 12 hours. To the flask are added 275 g. (2 mols) of phosphorus(III) chloride, 208 g. (1 mol) of phosphorus (V) chloride, and 1700 g. of sym-tetrachloroethane. Before use, technical-grade tetrachloroethane is dried and purified by distillation over potassium carbonate at 47 and 12 mm. Hg. 

This product results when phenyl-)3-naphthylamine is used in the general method, or by reduction of 2-j8-naphthylaminopbenylarsinic acid. It crystallises from sym.-tetrachloroethane in ydlow needles, M.pt. 249° to 250 C. The corresponding 12-bromo-derivaiive is obtained by reducing 7 12-benzophenarsazinic acid in alcoholic hydrobromic acid. It forms short, deep, orange-coloured needles, M.pt. 251 to 252° C., with decomposition. 

Properties Colorless, volatile crystals. Sublimes, triple point 64.0C (1134 mm Hg), mp 64.5C (2 atm), d 5.06 (25C). Soluble in liquid bromine, chlorine, carbon tetrachloride, sym-tetrachloroethane, and fluorocarbons. Reacts vigorously with water, alcohol, ether, and most metals. Vapor behaves as nearly perfect gas. 

BTF is known to react with strong Lewis-Acids such as AICI3. [42] However, milder Lewis-Acids do not readily react with BTF. Zinc chloride catalyzed Friedel-Crafts acylation (8.1) leads to better yields in refluxing BTF compared to sym-tetrachloroethane. [43] The deactivating trifluoromethyl group is presumably responsible for the inertness of BTF towards aromatic substitution under these conditions. Titanium tetrachloride has successfully been used for Sakurai [44]... 

Synonyms and trade names Tetrachloroethane, sym-Tetrachloroethane, acetylene tetrachloride, Bonoform, Cellon. 

Long and Munson, 1973 b Haney and Franklin, 1969 c Beauchamp, 1971 d Estimated from differences in PA of ethanol and diethyl ether and PA of diethyl ether (ref. e) Taft andWolf, unpublished measurements Taft, 1975 - Holtz etal., 19 70 Staley and Beauchamp, 1974 Melby, 1971, Arnett andWolf, 1973 Arnett etal., 1970a Amett etal., 1970b 1 Mitchell, 1972 m In sym-tetrachloroethane n In benzene 0 In carbon tetrachloride Pin toluene at —52°C 4 Wadso, 1966 r Dreisbach, 1955 J Estimated from Atfv of similar compounds taken from Dreisbach, 1955 Estimated from AHV vs boiling point plots. Data taken from Weast, 1970 Weast, 1970 v Konicek and Wadso, 1970 w Howard and Wadso, 1970 x Prueckner, 1963. 

SYNONYMS Acetylene tetrachloride, bonoform, cellon, sym-tetrachloroethane,... 

Cellulose triacetate is soluble in several organic solvents. Methylene chloride or the mixed solvent of 9/1 methylene chloride-methanol by weight is used for preparing dopes of cellulose triacetate for spinning. Methanol enhances the solubihty of cellulose triacetate in methylene chloride. Cellulose triacetate is also soluble in chloroform, sym-tetrachloroethane, trichloroethanol, dimethylformamide, trioxane, sulfane, dimethylacetamide, formic acid, and acetic acid. 

To a stirred suspension of 0.1 mol anhydrous aluminum chloride in 15 mL isopropyl ether was added dropwise at 20-30°C a solution of 0.05 mol phenol and 0.05 mol benzoylacetonitrile in 60 mL isopropyl ether. The mixture, into which dry hydrogen chloride was continuously passed, was gradually heated at 50-60°C and kept for 5 h. The resulting mixture was chilled and poured over water containing crushed ice and concentrated hydrochloric acid. After it was stirred for 0.5 h, filtration and drying gave the crude intermediate shown. (Substitution of isopropyl ether for an inert solvent such as sym-tetrachloroethane afforded a lower yield of such intermediate.) The formation of such intermediate can also be carried out without any solvent but at a higher temperature (e.g., 70-80°C). 

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