Surface Print Film

This term is used both to describe designs that are etched or engraved in the mold surface and the process of inserting a printed film into the mold, to be produced as an integral component of the finished product. Etched surfaces can be drawn both parallel and perpendicular to a parting line of molds or postforming in an extrusion line.. However, be alert with molds to the fact that parallel to the parting line additional draft is required. A wide selection of patterns is available and new ones can be readily created. 

To address this problem water-insoluble latex copolymers containing the covalently bounded dye /V-(2,4-dinitropheny I)-1,4-pheny lene-diamine have been prepared. When printed as ink jet ink, latex particulates formed a hydrophobic print film on the media surface, thereby entrapping and protecting the colorant within the film. The process for preparing these agents consisted of initially forming the Diels-Adler adduct with furan and maleimide followed by a transimidation with 3-amino-1-propanol. 

A further refinement of the scale of phase separation was recently demonstrated by Xia and Friend using inkjet printing (IJP) and thereby doubhng the EQE [238]. As demonstrated by fluorescence and atomic force microscopies, this originates from a more rapid drying process of inkjet printed films as compared to spin cast ones (see Fig. 50). The small volume and hence the large surface to voliune ratio of each IJP droplet led to this fast evaporation and drying. 

To optimise the contrasts between the bars and spaces, it is preferable to print black onto a white surface. Print gain is a term used by printers to quantify the amount by which the printed bar is bigger than the plate used. Different printing processes and machines have different gains, so leave control to the professional printer to obtain the code films to the correct gain. 

Coextrusion produces a multi-ply material directly from the individual resins. The method is limited to thermoplastic materials such as polythene, polypropylene and nylons. Thin layers of extruded bonding resins are necessary to combine many of the resins. Coextrudates have to be surface printed and the outer film cannot be reverse printed as it is often used with more conventional laminates with a film outer ply. 

Skateboards are decorated. The best mode of production of skin skate board is to print on the outside surface of a foil sheet which is then laminated to the PVC. It is also possible to use a bilayer printed film construction by having print on the inside surface of a clear sheet which then receives a foil sheet underneath the clear sheet. The bi-layer printed film construction can be first printed in a roll and laminated together in a roll of printed film, for later lamination to a PVC sheet. Another manner of printing would be to print on the inside surface of the PVC sheet, and laminate a foil underneath the PVC sheet. 

Uses Wetting agent in aq. coatings, printing inks suitable for difficult-to-wet substrates such as plastics and metal surfaces, cellulose film, aluminum and plastic foils, silicone-treated papers or glass emulsifier for emulsion polymerization food pkg. adhesives, coatings, paper, cellophane defoamer in food-contact paper/paperboard emulsifier in mfg. 

In order to better discuss the role of surface chemistry in photography, it is useful to consider some of the basic features of photographic elements (paper, film, etc.) morphology, exposure and processing. As a start, consider a multilayer photographic element such as that pictured in Figure 5.1. The layer structure illustrated is typical of a simple colour print material, such as colour paper or colour movie print films. Such materials comprise many different types of layers (1), and each layer is prepared as a thin film coating. 

Surface morphology of films was measured by the optical interferogram (Wyko) of 60 p,m x 45.5 p,m area. For comparison, formulated ink was spin-coated on a glass substrate with the same thickness of 220 mn, which is similar to that of an inkjet-printed layer. No pin-holes were observed on layers deposited using either techniques. However, in both cases, many randomly positioned voids have been observed on the dried PEDOT-PSS surface. Figure 3.9a shows the surface of the inkjet-printed film... 

FIGURE 3.9 Surface topography of printed films of the PEDOT-PSS. (a) Inlget printed and dried at 110 C and (b) spin-coated and dried at 110 C. Each layer was dried on the hot plate in atmospheric condition for 2 h. 

It can be easier to produce electronic components on paper with a thin plastic (polyethylene or similar) coating, such as that found on many photographic papers. The paper can also be finished by other means, such as impregnation or lamination, but the desired end result is a nearly impermeable surface. In this case, the printing surface is effectively the same regardless of whether the bulk of the substrate is paper or plastic. Unfortunately, adhesion between the printed film and the plastic can be more of a challenge than on unfinished paper. Surfactants and UV curing the ink (described in Section 4.5) can help in this case. 

In flexo printing, ink must be picked up by an anilox roller, transferred to a cliche and then finally to the paper. Each step requires the ink to wet a new surface. Thus, the choice of materials, including solvent and possibly surfactants, is critical. As with other additives, surfactants can significantly decrease the electroactivity of the printed film if not chosen carefully and used in moderation. 

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