Paper colouration

These estimations can be documented by the well-known example with the diisopropylnaphthalene (DIPN) contamination in mixed RCP (RCP grade 1.02). This chemical substance comes from NCR carbonless copy paper and is in this mentioned RCP grade on an average level of 23 mg/kg TS [13], despite the fact that since several years those papers tried to be separated in the RCP grade sorted office paper , coloured letters and carbonless copy paper to reduce the DIPN concentration in mixed papers and board. 

He remarked that the gas is soluble in water that it corroded corks yellow as if they had been treated with nitric acid that it bleached paper coloured with litmus that it bleached green vegetables, and red, blue, and yellow flowers nearly white, and the colour was not restored by treatment with acids or alkalies that it converted mercuric sulphide into the chloride and sodium hydroxide, common salt etc. 

When a flashing Talisman is referred to in the Z2, it is generally a flat object of virgin paper, coloured the colour of the planetary force to be called on, and with drawings of sigils and seals of said planet, in the complementary colour. One can use disks of metal of the nature of the planet but this is rather expensive. 

Of all the products added to paper, colour is often seen as the least important as, generally speaking, it adds nothing to the final properties of the paper. However, incorrect use of colour can turn paper, which would meet all the physical properties required of it, into paper which is unsuitable for sale, purely and simply because it is the wrong colour or shade. Correct use of colour, therefore, is of utmost importance to the papermaker. 

The action of baric acid upon the ccdoniiag matter of turmerio is highly characteristic. If a piece of paper coloured with turmerio be moistened with a solution of the acid it turns brown, and this coloration increases when the paper is dried. Alkalies give a similar coloration to turmeric paper, but the colour thus produced disappears on the addition of an acid, whilst the brown tint imparted to turmeric paper by boric acid remains unaltered in presume of free hydio otic acid. 

Additional information (as far as given in the original paper) colour, optical properties crystal habit... 

When the ascending solvent-front has reached a convenient height, the strip is removed, the position of the solvent-front marked, and the paper strip dried. The positions of the various solutes, if they are coloured compounds, now appear as clear separate spots. Frequently however, the solutes are colourless, and the position of their spots must be determined by indirect methods, such as their fluorescence in ultraviolet light, or their absorption in such light (when the spots appear almost black), or by spraying the paper with a dilute solution of a reagent which will give a coloured insoluble derivative with the solutes. 

Filter the product at the pump, using an alkali-resisting filter-paper, or a sintered glass filter-funnel. Wash the crystals on the filter with a small quantity of ethanol to remove the purple colour, and then drain thoroughly. 

To obtain the free acid, dissolve the potassium salt in 50 ml. of cold water, filter the solution if a small undissolved residue remains, and then boil the clear solution gently whilst dilute sulphuric acid is added until the separation of the acid is complete. Cool the solution and filter off the pale orange-coloured crystals of the benzilic acid wash the crystals on the filter with some hot distilled water, drain well, and then dry in a desiccator. Yield of crude acid, 4 g. Recrystallise from benzene (about 50 ml.) to which a small quantity of animal charcoal has been added, filtering the boiling solution through a preheated funnel fitted w ith a fluted filter-paper, as the benzilic acid readily crystallises as the solution cools alternatively, recrystallise from much hot water. The benzilic acid is obtained as colourless crystals, m.p. 150°. 

Colorations or coloured precipitates are frequently given by the reaction of ferric chloride solution with.(i) solutions of neutral salts of acids, (ii) phenols and many of their derivatives, (iii) a few amines. If a free acid is under investigation it must first be neutralised as follows Place about 01 g. of the acid in a boiling-tube and add a slight excess of ammonia solution, i,e., until the solution is just alkaline to litmus-paper. Add a piece of unglazed porcelain and boil until the odour of ammonia is completely removed, and then cool. To the solution so obtained add a few drops of the "neutralised ferric chloride solution. Perform this test with the following acids and note the result ... 

Take two test-tubes A and B in A place about 5 ml. of neutralised tartaric acid solution and in B place 5 ml. of distilled water. To each solution add 3-4 drops of ferric chloride solution. Place a piece of white paper under the tubes, look down their length and note that A is definitely yellow compared with the control tube B. This yellow colour is given by a-hydroxy-carboxylic-acids, lactic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid. 

Add a known volume ofo oaM.AgNOj solution (in excess) and boil the solution until the silver chloride has coagulated. Filter through a conical 5 cm. funnel, ensuring that the filter-paper does not protrude above the r m of the funnel. Wash the silver chloride and the filter-paper several times with a fine jet of distilled water. To the united filtrate and washings add i ml. of saturated ferric alum solution. The solution should be almost colourless if it is more than faintly coloured, add a few drops of concentrated nitric acid. Then titrate with 0 02M-ammonium thiocyanate solution until the permanent colour of ferric thiocyanate is just perceptible. (Alternatively the chloride may be determined potentiometrically.)... 

Method 2. Transfer the dark-coloured reaction product to a separatory funnel and shake successively with water, with sufficient 5-10 per cent, sodium hydroxide solution to ensure that the washings are alkaline to litmus, and finally with water. Dry with anhydrous magnesium sulphate or calcium chloride. Filter through a fluted filter paper into a small distilling flask and distil slowly. Collect the crude bromobenzene at 150-170° pour the residue whilst still hot into a small porcelain basin. Redistil the hquid of b.p. 150-170° (3) and collect the bromobenzene at 154-157° the yield is about 60 g. 

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