Sulphide production

Oil and Gas Production This sector is a major user of corrosion monitoring equipment, in particular for offshore fields where ramifications of corrosion and consequent maintenance are far more serious and costly compared with onshore production. Carbon steel is used for approximately 70-80 70 of production facilities. The development of a field is assessed on a defined corrosion risk which may not be correct, leading to serious corrosion. In addition, a reservoir may become more corrosive as the field is extracted owing to (a) increased water content, and (b) eventual souring of the field (hydrogen sulphide production). 

Pitcher MCL, Beatty ER, Cummings JH Salicylates inhibit bacterial sulphide production within the colonic lumen in ulcerative colitis. Gut 1995 37 A15. 

It should be kept in mind that many of these decomposition reactions are equilibria. The decomposition of thiourea in the absence of a metal ion will normally be much slower than in the presence of such an ion. The metal ion removes sulphide as metal sulphide—the less soluble the sulphide, the more effective the removal at very low sulphide concentrations. This continuous removal of sulphide shifts the equilibrium to the direction of more sulphide production. The same principle holds for many other anion precursors. 

Il chenko SV, Sorokin Yul (1991) K otsenke intensivnosti obrazovaniya serovodor-oda v Chernom more (To the estimate of hydrogen sulphide production in the Black Sea). In Vinogradov ME (ed) Variability of the Black Sea ecosystem natural and anthropogenic factors. Nauka, Moscow, p 73 (in Russian)... 

Archer SD, Stelfox-Widdicombe CE, Malin G, Burkill PH (2003) Is dimethyl sulphide production related to microzooplankton herbivory in the southern North Sea J. Plankton Res 25 235-242... 

Archer SD, Gilbert FJ, Allen JI, Blackford J, Nightingale PD (2004) Modelling of the seasonal patterns of dimethyl-sulphide production and fate during 1989 at a site in the North Sea. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 61 765-787... 

Stratford, M., Rose, A. H. (1985). Hydrogen sulphide production from sulphite by Saccha-romyces cerevisiae. J. Gen. Microbiol, 131, 1417-1424. 

Geothermal power drilling and production workers Glue makers Gold-ore workers Heavy-metal precipitators Heavy-water manufactors Hydrochloric acid purifiers Hydrogen sulphide production and sales workers Landfill workers Lead ore sulphidisers Lead removers... 

The oxidation of thiols by four transition metal oxides in xylene has also been studied in the presence and absence of oxygen [146], Oxidation resulted in the formation of some organic sulphides, products which were attributed to the reaction of thiyl free radicals with olefins. 

In some systems, chemical reduction of the sediment leads to sulphide production, and capture of Fe with loss of Mn. However, in sulphate depleted systems, there is insufficient sulphide, and Fe is also lost. 

Ogata, T. (2013). Hydrogen sulphide production by bottom-fermenting yeast is related to nitrogen starvation signalling. Journal of the Institute of Brewing, 119, 228-236. http //dx.doi.org/10.1002/jib.96. 

The quality of zinc and nickel/cobalt sulphides has been very good. Nickel/cobalt sulphide contains about 50% of nickel and 1.5% of cobalt, the moisture content is under 20%. Zinc sulphide contains about 64% of zinc and its moisture content is about 10%. The impurity levels in both sulphides are very low. Copper concentrations have just started to rise in the PLS and saleable amounts of copper sulphide production started in 2012. 

Wainwright, T. 1970. Hydrogen sulphide production hy yeast under conditions of methionine, pantothenate or vitamin Be deficiency. J. Gen. Microbiol. 61 107-119. 

COMPOSITION OF MONO- AND DISULPHIDES FORMED ON REACTION OF METHYLPENTENYL DI- AND TRISULPHIDES WITH ZDMC-PYRIDINE COMPLEX IN THE PRESENCE OF 2-METHYLPENT-2-ENE AND ZINC OXIDE AT 4(fC FOR 4 HR (WT % OF SULPHIDIC PRODUCTS)... 

In addition to a series of problems/ two main problems resulting from bacterial growth in offshore structures are [20] (1) hydrogen sulphide production (generated, for example, by SRB) that besides being volatile and toxic, thus serious to the personnel safety, causes corrosion and souring of the products (crude oil, for instance) which ultimately affects the quality and final price [21], and (2) the production of bacterial metabolites which could give rise to accelerated materials deterioration. 

Sulphide production has been observed in the rhizosphere and spermosphere 24 21 29... 

For example, if the amount of ferrous iron minerals present in repository backfill and fracture minerals (represented by FeC03(s) in Fig. 1(a)) is much greater than the amount of O2 remaining after closure, then with time, all O2 will be reduced to H2O by these minerals, producing iron hydroxide in the process. This would ensure that the reducing intensity would return to values at least as low as the redox potential of the Fe(0H)3(s)/FeC03(s) couple (near —0.05 V). This is below the threshold for corrosion of either copper or uranium oxide by O2. It is also shghtly above the threshold for sulphide production by sulphate reduction (—0.2 V). The presence of ferrous minerals thus buffers the redox intensity of the repository to conditions that are favourable for repository performance. 

Dacey JWH and Wakeham SG,1986, Oceanic dimethyl sulphide Production during zooplankton grazing on phytoplankton. Science, 223,1314-1316. 

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