Sulfosuccinate esters monoester

The synthesis of sulfosuccinate esters—either monoesters or diesters—or the corresponding amides is usually done in a two-step procedure. In both cases, the MA is reacted in the first step with organic alcohol, organic amine, or (in the case of monoesters) with other suitable organic reactants that bear hydroxyl (or even protic) groups in the second step sulfation of the maleic ester takes place. 

By detailed study, the above methods can be made more selective for individual surfactants. For example, while the p-toluidine salts of most anionics can be extracted into ethyl ether, that of the methyl ester of a-sulfopalmitic acid cannot, but instead forms a precipitate in the aqueous phase. This can be quantitatively removed by filtration (32). Sulfosuccinic acid diesters can generally be determined by the p-toluidine method, but many sulfosuccinic acid monoesters cannot, because of their lack of solubility in organic solvents (35). 

Classification Organic ester Empin cal C19H32O11S 2Na Uses Surfactant in cosmetics Trade Name Synonyms Grillosan DS 7911 [Grillo-Werke AG http //www.grillo.de] Disodium dimethicone copolyol sulfosuccinate Synonyms Sulfobutanedioic acid, dimethicone copolyol ester, disodium salt Definition Disodium salt of the monoester derived from dimethicone copolyol and sulfosuccinic acid Uses Surfactant, anti-irritant for personal care prods. 

Alkyl sulfates as monoesters of the dibasic sulfuric acid have only one hydrophobic group in the molecule, while in the case of the tribasic sulfosuccinic acid, both monoesters and diesters can be formed. This gives a broader variation and influence of the surface-active properties. In general, it can be said that sulfosuccinates containing less than eight to ten carbons atoms in each ester group exhibit a sufficient solubility in water. 

The monoesters of sulfosuccinic acid possess good washing ability and high foam stability, and are gentle to the skin. Therefore they are in widespread use in bodycare products such as shower gels and baby shampoos. However, their ester bonds are sensitive to hydrolysis in alkaline solutions. Thus, they cannot be used in common detergents. 

Some variants of sulfosuccinates are derived from other substituted fatty molecules such as fatty alcohol ethoxylates, fatty amines, or fatty alkanolamides the recourse to amines (yielding sulfosuccinamates) is, however, less frequent. When using equimolar ratios, monoesters (sometime called half-esters ) are obtained, whereas with excess alcohol (or other substituted fatty molecules), diesters are obtained. 

Butanedioic acid, suKo, monoester wKh a-hydro-( - (1-oxo-9-(Z)-octadeceny-lamino)poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), diammonium saK (2 mol EO average molar ratio). See Diammonium oleamido PEG-2 sulfosuccinate Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, mono [2-[(1-oxo-9-octadecenyl) amino] ethyl] ester, disodium salt. See Disodium oleamido MEA-sulfosuccinate Butanedioic acid, suKo-, 1-octyldecyl ester, disodium saK. See Disodium stearyl suKosuccinate... 

Disodium dimethicone copolyol sulfosuccinate Synonyms Sulfobutanedioic acid, dimethicone copolyol ester, disodium salt Definition Disodium salt of the monoester derived from dimethicone copolyol and suifosuccinic acid... 

Two-phase titration is effective in determination of diesters of sulfosuccinic acid, whether the titration is conducted in acidic or basic medium. Results with monoesters are variable due to their hydrophilic nature. Each product must be tested individually. Generally, half esters cannot be titrated in basic media and can be titrated in acid medium only if they have good solubility in organic solvents (41). 

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