Sulfophenylcarboxylic acids

The detection of short-chain sulfophenylcarboxylic acids (SPCs) [2,9, 13,17,18] is clear proof of the primary biodegradation of LAS in the natural medium. In general the concentrations detected are small, one order of magnitude less than those found for LAS [2,9,13], with the exception of the river Osellino [18] where the total concentration of SPC found exceeded that of LAS. The highest concentrations are also observed near zones into which wastewater effluents are discharged [9, 18]. Both SPC and dialkyltetralines (DATSs) have also been detected in some samples of fluvial sediments [9],... 

Alvarez-Munoz, D., P.A. Lara-Martm, J. Blasco, et al. 2007. Presence, biotransformation and effects of sulfophenylcarboxylic acids in the benthic fish Solea senegalensis. Environ. Int. 33 565-570. 

Typical linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) concentrations in Dutch coastal waters decrease from about 5 pg/1 in estuaries to 1 pg/1 in close inshore samples, and below the detection limit of 0.5 pg/1 in offshore (> 10 km) samples [151]. LAS are degraded by oxidation and shortening of the alkyl chain by one or two carbon atoms. The products of this process are sulfophenylcarboxylic acids [152]. They appear somewhat less toxic than the parent compounds, but few details are available. 

V.M. Leon, E. Gonzalez-Mazo, and A. Gomez-Parra. Handling of marine and estuarine samples for the determination of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates and sulfophenylcarboxylic acids. /. Chromatogr. A, 889, 211-219, 2000. 

Only one article is dealing with the monitoring of LAS and their degradation products—sulfophenylcarboxylic acids (SPC) in the marine environment [37]. 

LAS as well as its sulfophenylcarboxylic acid degradation products may be concentrated from wastewater by first evaporating to near dryness, then taking up the residue in methanol, 0.05 M in sodium dodecylsulfate, with the help of an ultrasonic bath (51). 

C4-C13 sulfophenylcarboxylic acids separation by alkyl chain length LAS also determined Wastewater and bench study SPE on anion exchange resin (elution with 50 50 dioxane/1 M HCI) HPLC-UV detection MS confirmation 85... 

C1-C7 sulfophenylcarboxylic acids, C2-C5 phenylcarboxylic acids, C1-C2 hydroxyphenylcarboxylic acids, C2 di-hydroxyphenylcarboxylic acids separation from each other LAS also determined Bench study SPE of sample (pH 1,30% NaCI, no more than 30 mL) on Cix (elution with acetone or MeOH) RP-HPLC-UV detection (215 nm) 61,64... 

C6-C12 sulfophenylcarboxylic acids separation by alkyl chain length LAS also determined Sea water SPE on Cijj and anion exchanger (elution with 2 M HCI in MeOH) RP-HPLC-ion spray MS 480,181... 

C4 Sulfophenylcarboxylic acids resolution of enantiomers Bench studies and sewage SPE on graphitized carbon (rinse with MeOH and 70 30 CH2Cl2/MeOH, then elute sulfonates with 80 20 CH2CI2/ MeOH, 0.05 M in NH4OAC) CE-UV detection (223 nm) 182... 

C10-C13 LAS and C2-C9 sulfophenylcarboxylic acids separation by alkyl chain length also NPE and nonylphe-nolcarboxylates Sewage Evaporation/MeOH extraction or SPE on graphitized carbon RP-HPLC-UV, fluorescence (A xA ,n = 225/295 nm) 26,51... 

MBAS value (72). The so-called interference-limited methylene blue test is also likely to return high values when used for unpolluted samples. The MBAS method is discussed in Chapter 12. For routine wastewater analysis, the determination is frequently automated by use of flow injection analysis. The LAS degradation product sulfophenylcarboxylic acid will contribute to the MBAS response if the alkyl chain length is greater than 6 carbons. Dialkyltetralin-and dialkylindanesulfonates are also presumed to be MBAS-active (35). There are many variations of the methylene blue method used by various regulatory agencies. These differ mainly in the amount of effort expended to eliminate interferences (73). 

Sulfophenylcarboxylic acids may be synthesized by sulfonation of the corresponding phenylcarboxylic acids (30,64). The C3-3-SPC isomer is useful as an internal standard since it cannot be formed from commercial LAS (33). p-Toluenesulfonic acid has also... 

C2-C9 sulfophenylcarboxylic and dicar-boxylic acids, sulfotetralincarboxylic acids, methyl-branched LAS and its carboxylated intermediates separation by alkyl chain length LAS and dialky- Bench studies, river water, and sewage SPE of acidified sample on graphitized carbon black (washed with MeOH and acidified 80 20 CH2Cl2/MeOH back-elution with basic 80 20 CH2Cl2/MeOH) methyl esters of carboxylates formed RP-LC-electrospray MS 28,29... 

C (r-Ci3 LAS and sulfophenylcarboxylic River water and acids quantification of homologs sewage... 

---