Sulfate sulfite

Sulfites. The Hterature concerning dialkyl sulfites is extensive, although less than for sulfates. Reactions involving alkylation are similar to those of sulfates. Sulfites also undergo elimination, transesterification, and isomerization. The last two parallel reactions of phosphites. 

Calcilox A process for converting calcium sulfate/sulfite wastes from flue-gas desulfurization into a disposable, earthy material, by use of a proprietary inorganic additive made from blast furnace slag. Developed by Dravo Corporation of Pittsburgh, PA. 

Howden An early flue-gas desulfurization process using a lime or chalk slurry in wooden grid-packed towers. The calcium sulfate/sulfite waste product was intended for use in cement manufacture, but this was never commercialized. The key to the process was the use of a large excess of calcium sulfate in suspension in the scrubbing circuit, which minimized the deposition of scale on the equipment. The process was developed by Imperial Chemical Industries and James Howden Company in the 1930s and operated for several years at power stations at Fulham, London, and Tir John, South Wales, being finally abandoned during World War II. British Patents 420,539 433,039. 

Sintema A process for stabilizing the calcium sulfate/sulfite waste produced by FGD so that it may be used for landfill. The waste is mixed with ash from a coal-fired power station, pelletized, and sintered. Developed in the 1970s by Battelle Columbus Laboratories, OH, under contract with Industrial Resources. See also Fersona. 

Spent caustics usually originate as batch dumps, and the batches may be combined and equalized before being treated and discharged to the refinery sewer. Spent caustics can also be neutralized with flue gas to form carbonates. Sulfides, mercaptides, phenolates, and other basic salts are converted by the flue gas (reaction time 16-24 hours) stripping. Phenols can be removed, then used as a fuel or sold. H2S and mercaptans are usually stripped and burned in a heater. Some sulfur is recovered from stripper gases. The treated solution contains mixtures of carbonates, sulfates, sulfites, thiosulfates, and some phenolic compounds. 

Zinc forms a wide variety of other salts, many by reaction with the adds, though some can only be obtained by fusing the oxides together. The salts include arsenates (ortho, pyro, and meta), the borate, bromate, chlorate, chlorite, various chromates, cyanide, iodate. various periodates, permanganate, phosphates (ortho, pyro, meta, various double phosphates 1. die selenate, selenites, various silicates, fluosilicate. sulfate, sulfite, and duocyanate. 

Another inorganic reaction that can be catalyzed by supported porphyrins is the air oxidation of sulfite to sulfate. Sulfite is formed upon absorption of SO2 from flue gases. For this reaction, a 2-V-methylpyridiniumyl-substituted... 

Fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodate, bromate, chlorate, sulfate, sulfite Dionex lonPac AS5A particles electrostatically bound to the wall [78]... 

Zinc and cadmium form numerous water soluble salts, for example, the nitrates, sulfates, sulfites, perchlorates, and acetates, that contain the aqua ions, [M(H20)6]2+. These aqua ions are also present in aqueous solutions.9 Some salts of Zn2+ and Cd2+ are isomorphous with those of Mg2+. The [M(H20)6]2+ ions are slightly hydrolyzed in water ... 

Amino acids, ammonium, peptides Sulfate, (sulfite)... 

As a hard base, water prefers to coordinate to the harder acid Ba +, the softer base ammonia prefers to coordinate the softer acid Ag+ to form Ba(OH2) + and Ag(NH3)2+, respectively. Sulfates, sulfites, carbonates, phosphates, arsenates, oxides, and sulfides are virtually insoluble in ammonia. Hydroxides and amides are also very poorly soluble. 

Oxidized sulfur species occurring in natural waters (sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate] do not interact with the platinum electrode when in the presence of H2S and the pH-Eh-E52- relations found were similar to the above relations. Thus, the unambiguous relations found between pH, Eh and E22- in aqueous solutions of hydrogen sulfide can be employed to characterize solutions and water samples where hydrogen sulfide is the only reduced sulfur species present. 

Alkylation of Hydroxy Compounds by Alkyl Sulfates, Sulfites, or Sulfonates. 228... 

---