Succinic acid anhydrides

This is the only acid anhydride used as a food additive. The hydrolysis proceeds slowly, hence the compound is suitable as an agent in baking powders and for binding of water in some dehydrated food products. 

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A mixture consisting of 8 grams of estriol, 20 grams of succinic acid anhydride and 60 ml of pyridine is heated at 90 C for 4 hours, after which the reaction mixture is poured into water. The aqueous solution is extracted with ether, the ether layer is separated, washed with diluted sulfuric acid and after that with water until neutral, then evaporated to dryness to obtain 14 grams of an amorphous substance. Melting point 82° to 86°C. This drying residue proves to consist of a mixture of estriol disuccinate and estriol monosuccinate, which are separated by repeated crystallization from a mixture of methanol and water. 

Succinic Acid-Mono [3-Nitryloxy-2,2-Bis-Nitryloxymethyl-Propylester] (or 0-[-3- Car-boxy-propionyl]-0, 0 ,0w-trinitro-pentaerythritol). C9H, 3N30 3 mw 371.25 N 11.32% OB to C02 —49,65% cryst (from ethanol) mp 92— 92.5°. Prepn is by warming succinic acid anhydride with 0,0 0f,-Pentaerythritol Trinitrate (see in Vol 8, P84-R to 86-L) in acet. Its expl... 

The reaction of succinic acid anhydride 111 with 2-methyl-2,4-diphenyl-2,3-dihydroli/-benzo[Z ][l,4]diazepine 112 in toluene in the presence of potassium carbonate leads to 4-(2-methyl-2,4-diphenyl-2,5-dihydro-l/f-l,5-benzodiazepin-5-yl)-4-oxobutanoic acid 113 in 70% yield [110], while its treatment with 2,4-diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-l//-l,5-benzodiazepine 104 follows with chalcone elimination and yields 3-(benzimidazol-2-yl)propionic acid 114 [115] (Scheme 4.36). 

A mixture consisting of 8 grams of estriol, 20 grams of succinic acid anhydride... 

The dispersants prepared by the reaction of hydrocarbon substituted succinic acid anhydrides with polyamines to give linear mono- and bis-succinimides, are well known lubricating oil additives commercially available (Gutierrez and Brois, 1980 Le Suer and Norman, 1965 and 1966 Song et al., 1993, 1994 and 1995). 

Hydrophobic starches are generated by a variety of reactions, for example by esterification with octenyl-substituted succinic acid anhydride.39 They can have the properties of a polymeric surfactant, which will generate a weak network with dispersed... 

Four main types of antioxidants are commonly used in polypropylene stabilizer systems although many other types of chemical compounds have been suggested. These types include hindered phenolics, thiodi-propionate esters, aryl phosphites, and ultraviolet absorbers such as the hydroxybenzophenones and benzotriazoles. Other chemicals which have been reported include aromatic amines such as p-phenylenediamine, hydrocarbon borates, aminophenols, Zn and other metal dithiocarbamates, thiophosphates, and thiophosphites, mercaptals, chromium salt complexes, tin-sulfur compounds, triazoles, silicone polymers, carbon black, nickel phenolates, thiurams, oxamides, metal stearates, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb salts of benzimidazoles, succinic acid anhydride, and others. The polymeric phenolic phosphites described here are another type. 

The relationship between Tg and (q(E.) has been calculated from Eq. (9) for

cured resins with different e are shown in Fig. 4. The curing agents used are DETA 25), EDA 26), and DDM 8) as a diamine, succinic acid anhydride (Sue A)21) as an acid anhydride and 2-ethy 1-4-methyl imidazole (Im) 21) as a catalytic curing agent. 

SYNS BERNSTEINSAEURE-ANHYDRID (GEI tAN) BUT.ANEDIOIC. ANHYDRIDE DIHYDRO-2,5-FL RANDIONE 2,5-DIKETOTETRAHYDROFUR/ N NCI-C55696 SUCCINIC ACID ANHYDRIDE SUCCINYL OXIDE TETRAHYDRO-2,5-DIOXOFURAN... 

In addition, there are reports of the following syntheses 4,5-dimethoxycanthin-6-one (8) from I-methoxy methyl-)8-carboline and succinic acid anhydride (96), 1 using 4-oxo-1,4,6,7,12,12b-hexahydroindo... 

Formic acid amide, N-ethyl 10.8 Succinic acid anhydride 16.1... 

Beilstein Handbook Reference) AI3-52664 Bemsteinsaure-anhydrid BRN 0108441 Butanedioic anhydride CCRIS 2386 Dihydro-2,5-furandione 2,5-Diketotetrahydrofuran EINECS 203-570-0 2,5-Furandione, dihydro- HSDB 792 NCI-C55696 NSC 8518 Rikacid SA Succinic acid anhydride Succinic... 

Oxadiazole has been prepared by heating glyoxal dioxime with succinic acid anhydride at 150-170°C. For the synthesis of substituted compounds, mere heating is sufficient in some cases, whereas the action of thionyl chloride in 1,2-dichloroethane gives good results in others. 

Succinic acid anhydride. See Succinic anhydride Succinic acid, dimethyl ester. See Dimethyl succinate Succinic acid, hydroxy-. See N-Hydroxysuccinic acid Succinic acid, sulfo-, tallow ester, disodium salt See Disodium tallow sulfosuccinamate... 

CAS 108-30-5 EINECS/ELINCS 203-570-0 Synonyms Butanedioic anhydride Dihydro-2.5-furandione 2,5-Diketotetrahydrofuran S/tA Succinic acid anhydride Succinyl oxide Tetrahydro-2,5-dioxofuran Empirical C.H.O,... 

Since poor bioavailability and a short half-life limit the pharmacological activity of artemisinin, several derivatives have been developed to address such disadvantages. A key compound among them is dihydroartemisinin, which serves not only as an intermediate, but is used as a drug by itself Reduction of the lactone is achieved under very mild conditions with sodium boranate in methanol at 0 °C. Esterification with succinic acid anhydride leads to artesunate, a water soluble compound, which is suitable for different routes of application (oral, rectal, intramuscular, and intravenous). Acetalisation of dihydroartemisinin with methanol produces artemether, which is soluble in lipids and can therefore be formulated for oral, rectal and intramuscular dosing. 

Hexadecenyl) dihydro-2,5-furandione Hexadecenyl succinic acid anhydride. See Hexadecenyl succinic anhydride... 

Hexadecenyl succinic anhydride CAS 32072-96-1 EINECS/ELINCS 250-911-4 Synonyms 2,5-Furandione, 3-(hexadecenyl) dihydro- HDSA n-HDSA 3-(Hexadecenyl) dihydro-2,5-furandione Hexadecenyl succinic acid anhydride Empirical C2oH 40 ... 

CAS 108-30-5 EINECS/ELINCS 203-570-0 Synonyms Butanedioic anhydride Dihydro-2,5-furandione 2,5-Diketotetrahydrofuran SAA Succinic acid anhydride Succinyl oxide Tetrahydro-2,5-dioxofuran Empirical C4H4O3 Formula OCCH2CH2COO Properties Colorless needles sol. in chloroform, CCI4, alcohol, chlorinated soivs. very si. sol. in ether, water m.w. 100.08 dens. 1.503 vapor pressure 1 mm (92 C) m.p. 119-120 C b.p. 261 C sublimes 115 C and 5 mm pressure... 

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