Styrene-maleinate polymers

The styrene-maleinate polymers are anionic, aqueous solutions with a solid content of 20-30% and an alkaline pH (mainly containing the ammonium salt). They are specially designed for surface application. Their advantages are very... 

In the same fashion, methacrylate groups have also been incorporated in soybean oils to generate similar polymer architectures. Acrylated epoxidized soybean oil and maleinated acrylated epoxidized soybean oil were reacted with methacrylated lauric acid as a method of reducing styrene input [41]. This increased both the visocosity and the glass transition temperature when compared with the styrene analogue as well as having the benefits of improving the environmental properties of the polymer even further. Acrylated, epoxidized soybean oil was copolymerized with methyl methacrylate in a polymerization initiated by benzoyl peroxide to produce a clear bioplastic [42]. 

Maleination of soybean oil is interesting as it has been shown to produce two wildly different polymer structures. Maleic anhydride-modified soybean oil was polymerized with styrene to give a hard, rigid polymer modification improved modulus, strength and glass transition values when compared to the unmodified polymerized oil [45], These also showed comparable strengths to commercial unsaturated polyester resins. In contrast, by using diols as the comonomer, maleinated soybean oil was used to form soft, resilient rubbers at room temperature [46]. 

Water-based epoxy resins not applied by electrodeposition are mostly of the anodic type and maleinized epoxy esters are frequently used. Another class is the epoxy acrylic graft copolymer, where the epoxy resin is rendered water-soluble by attaching side chains of acrylic polymer containing a high amount of methacrylic acid. The process of grafting is similar to that of chain transfer (p. 67), where acrylic chains are attached by hydrogen abstraction. This process is illustrated in Fig. 14.2, where C- represents a radical site, and represents an extended acrylic chain containing both methacryclic acid and styrene components. 

---