Structure and Deformation

STRUCTURE AND DEFORMATION OF AI-RICH TiAl SINGLE CRYSTALS... 

We have grown single crystals with compositions of ll - 54 at% Al, Ti - 56 at% A1 and Ti - 58 at% Al, and made a systematic study on their structure and deformation. In this paper we present the results of the systematic study reviewing some relevant previous studies. 

Fajans, K. (1923). Structure and deformation of electron sheaths and their significance for the optical and chemical properties of inorganic compounds. Naturwissenschaften 11, 165-172. 

Neubauer, C.M. (1997) On the Chemistry, Micro structure, and Deformation Properties of Cement Pastes Towards a New Strategy for Controlling Drying Shrinkage. PhD. Thesis, Northwestern University. 

Boese, R. Blaser, D. Structures and deformation electron densities of... 

Petterson M. G., Neal C. R., Mahoney J. J., Kroenke E. W., Saunders A. D., Babbs T. E., Duncan R. A., Tolia D., and McGrail B. (1997) Structure and deformation of north and central Malaita, Solomon Islands tectonic implications for the Ontong Java Plateau—Solomon arc collision, and for the fate of oceanic plateaus. Tectonophysics 283, 1-33. 

Debayle, E. Kennett, B. L. N. 2000a. The Australian continental upper mantle structure and deformation inferred from surface waves. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, 25423-24450. 

We study this simple-looking system in classical dynamics. The initial conditions for running the classical trajectories are systematically set as follows. All the initial geometry is selected so as to be located in the basin of PBP structure and deformed slightly and randomly from the minimum energy structure, at which a trajectory begins to run with the zero initial momenta so that the velocity of the center of mass and the total angular momentum are all taken to be zero. The relevant technical details are found in Ref. 19. 

Solid state characterization of the structure and deformation behavior of water-soluble hydroxypropylcellulose. J. Polymer Sci. A-2, 7, 1197 (1969). 

Structure and deformation of crystalline polymers. Rheology, 5 Chap. VI. New York Academic Press 1969. 

The measured nuclear spins and moments of the francium isotopes have thus given detailed information on the single-particle structure and deformation along the long isotopic chain. 

Metals, both pure and alloyed, consist of atoms held together by the delocalized electrons that overcome the mutual repulsion between the ion cores. Many main-group elements and all the transition and inner transition elements are metals. They also include alloys—combinations of metallic elements or metallic and nonmetallic elements (such as in steel, which is an alloy of primarily Fe and C). Some commercial steels, such as many tool steels, contain ceramics. These are the carbides (e.g., FeaC and WgC) that produce the hardening and enhance wear resistance, but also make it more brittle. The delocalized electrons give metals many of their characteristic properties (e.g., good thermal and electrical conductivity). It is because of their bonding that many metals have close packed structures and deform plastically at room temperature. 

Chi Chiu, H.-T., Hwung, D.-S. The relationship between structure and deformation behavior of sul-fone polymers. Polym. Eng. Sci. 35 (1995) 499-505. 

Fajans K (1923) The structure and deformation of electron coating in its importance for the chemical and optical properties of inoiganic compounds. Naturwiessenschtift 11 165-172 Fajans K, loos G (1924) Mole fraction of ions and molecules in light of the atom stnicture. Z Phys 23 1-46... 

Miles, M., Petermann, J. and Gleiter, H., Structure and deformation of polyethylene hard elastic fibers. J. Macromol. Sci.-Phys., 1976, B12(4), 523. 

The piezoelectric effect is used in several techniques for sensitive displacement measurements (Fig. 18.3(c)). In one technique, the input motion deforms the crystal by acting directly on one electrode. In another technique, the crystal is fabricated as part of a larger structure, which is oriented so that input motion bends the structure and deforms the crystal. Deformation of the crystal produces a small output voltage and also alters the resonant frequency of the crystal. In a few situations, the output voltage is taken directly as an indication of motion, but more frequently the crystal is used to control an oscillator, and the oscillator frequency is taken as the indication of strain. 

Conceptual structure and deformation of liquid lens packaged in parylene thin film, (a) Structure, (b) Deformation of the lens shape upon applying voltage. (Source Binh-Khiem, N., K. Matsumoto, and 1. Shimoyama. 2008. Applied Physics Letters, 93(12), 124105. With permission.)... 

The quasi-continuum (QC) method was first introduced in 1996 by Tadmor et al. for the investigation of deformation in solids. Ever since, this method has been one of the most powerful and widely applied hybrid methodologies. Its primary applications include the study of dislocation nucleation, cracks, interfaces, grain boundary structure and deformation, nanoindentation phenomena, and so on. Various applications are discussed in more detail below. Since its appearance, the model has been improved and expanded, " and these more complete versions are briefly presented here. If additional details are needed, several specialized reviews are available. 

The deformation or ploughing modes can also be well described for plastic and possibly even brittle fracture systems using modem numerical techniques. As with the elastomeric systems the models basically include geometric terms, such as 6, some load and various parameters such as an interface shear stress but more importantly a relatively accessible bulk deformation or dissipation property of the material. For the case of elastomers, an appropriate viscoelastic loss tangent is sufficient and for a ductile polymer some pressure dependent yield stress. There are many examples in the literature where good correlations have been obtained between a bulk mechanical test and a frictional response. Properly, it has been seen as the domain of others, perhaps polymer scientists, to seek to provide interrelationships between molecular structure and deformation dynamics and the consequent bulk material responses. 

RJ Young, RJ Day, M Zakikhani. The structure and deformation behaviour of poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibres. J Mat Sci 25 127-136, 1990. 

HH Kausch. L Berger, CJ Plummer, A Bals. Structure and deformation of UHMPE fibres and of the composite obtained thereform. Proc 35th International Man-Made Fibers Congress, Dornbirn, 1996, pp 1-10. 151. 

The mechanical properties of Pu metal are highly variable because of the dominant influences of structure and deformation mechanism, which can be significantly altered by thermal and mechanical treatments. The a, and y forms of Pu, having crystal structures with low symmetry, are hard and strong, and lack ductility. When the mechanism for plastic deformation is restricted to slip, ductility is poor because the extent of slip is very limited in these polymorphic... 

Antipov E. M., Guseva M. A., Gerasin V. A., Korlev, Yu M., Rebrov A. V., Fischer H. R. and Razumovskaya I. V., Structure and deformation behavior of nanocomposites based on LDPE and modified clays , Polym Sci Ser A, 2003, 45, 1130-1139. Heinemann J., Reichert R, Thomann R. and Mulhaupt R., Polyolefin nanocomposites formed by melt compounding and transition metal catalyzed ethane homo- and copolymerization in presence of layered silicates , Macromol Rapid Commun, 1999, 20, 423 30. 

Because the xy plane exhibits both structural and deformation isotropy, the angle 9 in Figures 1, 2, and 3 is not a variable of the problem. There is no average elemental orientation with respect to 9, and = 0. This is consistent with the coincidence of the symmetry axes of the distribution function with the principal axes of deformation for all rotations of the xy plane about the z axis. Elements that lie parallel to the xy plane (cp = tt/2 ) undergo extension only, while other elements (cp 4 /2) undergo both extension and orientation (in the cp direction). ... 

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