Streptomyces mobaraensis

Piericidins are the first compounds obtained by the screening search for insecticidal natural products among microbial metabolites.10 They were isolated from Streptomyces mobaraensis in 1963,11 and many piericidin derivatives have been found in microbial metabolites until now.12 Piericidins are not used as insecticides practically, but are important biological reagents because they have specific inhibitory activity toward the mitochondrial electron transport chain protein nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)-ubiquinone reductase (complex I).13 Piericidin Ax (1 in Figure 1) is biosynthesized as a polyketide,14 but genes responsible for its biosynthesis are not yet identified. Total synthesis of piericidins A (1) was reported recently.15... 

Next to rotenone, the Streptomyces mobaraensis metabolite piericidin (also known as shaoguanmycin B), specifically piericidin Ai (44), is perhaps the most studied NADH—U(i oxidoreductase inhibitor and is commonly used as a pharmacological probe of the role of complex I in the mitochondrial ETC. For example, glucose deprivation causes upregulation of ER chaperone protein GRP78 and induces etoposide resistance in human cancer cells. GRP78 is also known to protect tumor cells from apoptosis induced by topoisomerase inhibitors. " Studies have shown that glucose-deprived etoposide-resistant HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells are uniquely sensitive to piericidin A. ... 

Piericidins are insecticidal compounds isolated from mycelia of Streptomyces mobaraensis and Streptomyces pactum. They are toxic to several species of insects, aphids, and mites. Piericidin A is known to block electron transport between NADH dehydrogenase and coenzyme Q. In the course of our screening for phosphatidyl-inositol turnover inhibitors, we isolated the novel antibiotics piericidin W-oxide (29), as well as B5 and B5 N-oxide (30), from Streptomyces (Fig. 17). 

Kim MG, Lee SB (1996) Penicillin acylase-catalyzed synthesis of P-lactam antibiotics in water-methanol mixtures effect of cosolvent content and chemical nature of substrate on reaction rates and yields. J Mol Catal B Enzym 1 201-211 Kohsaka M, Domain AL (1976) Conversion of penicDlin N to cephalosporin(s) by ceU-free extracts of Cephalosporium acremonium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 70(2) 465-473 Koreishi M, Tani K, Ise Y et al. (2007) Enzymatic synthesis of P-lactam antibiotics and /V-fatty-acylated amino compounds by the acyl transfer reaction catalyzed by peniciUin V acylase from Streptomyces mobaraensis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 71(6) 1582-1586 Kupka JY, Shen, YQ, Wolfe S et al. (1983) Partial purification and properties of the alpha-ketoglutarate-linked ring expansion enzyme of beta-lactam biosynthesis of Cephalosporium acremonium. FEMS Microbiol Lett 16 1-6... 

Streptomyces mobaraensis, has been identified as the 10-methyl ether of Piericidin A. The biosynthesis of Piericidin A and B has been studied. ... 

Yurimoto H, Maiko Y, Yoshimi K, Hiroshi M, Nobuo K, Yasuyoshi S (2004) The pro-peptide of Streptomyces mobaraensis transglutaminase functions in cis and in trans to mediate efficient secretion of active enzyme from methylotrophic yeasts. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 68 2058—2069 Zaldivar J, Nielsen J, Olsson L (2001) Fuel ethanol production from Hgnocellu-lose a challenge for metabolic engineering and process integration. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 56 17—34... 

Septoria nodorum Shorea leprosula Spicaria divaricata Sporormia affinis Sporormia bipartis Sporormia griseoviridus Streptomyces mobaraensis... 

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