Steroidogenesis and

Gravel, A. and Vijayan, M.M. (2006). Sahcylate disrupts interrenal steroidogenesis and brain glucocorticoid receptor expression in rainbow trout. Toxicology Science 93, 41-49. 

Similarly, five closely related melanocortin receptors that respond to various peptides derived from the POMC precursor have been identified (Fig. 18-7) [24]. As expected, the receptor on adrenal cortical cells responds best to ACTH, which normally stimulates adrenal steroidogenesis, and the receptor on melano cytes responds best to aMSH, which causes skin darkening. However, the pattern of melanocortin receptor expression in the brain is not simply explained by the known patterns of peptide expression in the brain or by the known effects of POMC-derived peptides when applied to various brain regions. With this number of peptide receptors, it is obvious that production of final peptide products must be precisely controlled and that different biosynthetic processing pathways can dramatically affect the biological activity observed (Figs 18-5,18-7). 

The primary effect of ACTH seems to be mediated via cAMP production by interaction of the hormone with differing populations of receptors. The difference between the extent of steroidogenesis and cAMP formation indicates different receptor affinities in different organs. 

Etomidate Rapid onset and moderately fast recovery Provides cardiovascular stability causes decreased steroidogenesis and involuntary muscle movements... 

Receptor sites for angiotensin II, the main active peptide of the renin-angiotensin system, have been found in the ovaries (Lightman et al., 1989). Ovarian renin-angiotensin may also have an autocrine role in angiogenesis, steroidogenesis and oocyte maturation. Inhibin is produced by the ovarian follicle and corpus luteum (Tsonis et al.,... 

An alteration in the weight of the uterus can indicate reproductive toxicity. Compounds that inhibit steroidogenesis and cyclicity can dramatically reduce the weight of the uterus so that it appears atrophic and small. However, uterine weight fluctuates 3- to 4-fold during the... 

Gore-Langton RE Armstrong DT (1994) Follicular steroidogenesis and its control. In Knobil RE Neil JD ed. The physiology of reproduction, 2nd ed. New York, Raven Press, pp 571-627. 

Subsequent research demonstrated a coordinated, dose-dependent reduction in expression of key genes and proteins involved in cholesterol transport and steroidogenesis and a corresponding reduction in testosterone in the fetal testes (Lehmann et al.,... 

Ketoconazole interferes with steroidogenesis, and those who are critically iU (23) or HIV-positive (24) are particularly susceptible to adrenal insufficiency from the use of ketoconazole. 

Gwynne JT, Strauss JF III The role of lipoprotein in steroidogenesis and cholesterol metabolism in steroidogenic glands. Endocr Rev 1982 3 299-329. 

The biochemical pathway illustrating the aromatization of testosterone to estradiol and androstenedione to estrone is shown in Figure 53-10, Steroidogenesis and its regulation during the menstrual cycle have been discussed in detail by... 

Miller WL, Auchus RJ (2011) The molecular biology, biochemistry, and physiology of human steroidogenesis and its disorders. Endocr Rev 32(1) 81-151... 

Roskelley CD, Auersperg N (1990) Density separation of rat adrenocortical cells morphology, steroidogenesis, and P-450scc expression in primary culture. Vitro Cell Dev Biol 26(5) 493-501... 

Walsh, L.P. and D.M. Stocco. Effects of lindane on steroidogenesis and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression. Biol. Reprod. 63 1024-1033, 2000. 

Yamauchi, J., Miyazaki, T., Iwasaki, S., Kishi, I., Kuroshima, M., Tei, C., and Yoshimura, Y. (1997). Effects of nitric oxide on ovulation and ovarian steroidogenesis and prostaglandin production in the rabbit. Endocrinology 758 3630-3637. 

Wu, F.C. (1992) Testicular steroidogenesis and androgen use and abuse. Baillieres Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 6, 373-403. 

Figure 10.13. A view of the metabolic pathway of steroidogenesis and the major P450s involved. ...

Fig. 9.12 A view of the metabolic pathway of steroidogenesis and the major P450s involved [47]. (With kind permission from Springer Science + Business Media [149], Fig. 10.13)...

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