Peptide expression

Fig. 6 Sequence alignment of the deduced amino acid sequence from the identified cDNA encoding PBAN and related peptides from Helicoverpa zea and Bombyx mori. The putatively expressed peptides are shown in boxes. The conserved amino acids are underlined in the B. mori sequence. Putative proteolytic posttranslational processing sites are shown in bold with glycine contributing the C-terminal amide. Sequences of PBAN-like peptides are also shown in Table 1. GenBank accession numbers H. zea - PI 1159 and B. mori - BAA05971...

Meyer zum Buschenfelde D, Tauber R, Huber O (2006) TFF3-peptide increases transepithe-lial resistance in epithelial cells by modulating claudin-1 and -2 expression. Peptides 27 3383-3390... 

Expressed peptide Chemical synthesis Chemical synthesis Chemical synthesis... 

HLA-E allelic variants Correlating differential expression, peptide affinities, crystal structures and thermal stabilities./. Biol. Chem. 278(7), 5082-5090. 

Biosynthetic incorporation has several limitations (i) only fluorinated analogues of natural amino acids may be used, provided they are nontoxic to the culture (ii) site-selective labeling is not possible (iii) relatively low uptake of 19F-labeled amino acids results in lower yield of the expressed peptide or protein and (iv) some proteins might still contain the natural amino acid that is devoid of fluorine. All these limitations can be avoided by using chemical peptide synthesis, as described below. 

Sutiligase variants expressed Peptide-biotin conjugate by phage display. ... 

Glycosylated-inositol (GPI)-anchored proteins have also been used to anchor foreign peptides for cell-surface display in S. cerevisiae [55] and Hansenula poly-morpha [56]. Four different gpi genes and their encoded proteins were characterized for the purpose of displaying fusion protein on the cell surface. The FLOl gene encodes the Flolp protein, a lectin-like cell-wall protein thought to form stemlike structures that cover the distance of the cell wall. This protein has also been used to express peptides on the yeast surface [57]. 

Campbell AP, Spyracopoulos L, Irvin RT, Sykes BD (2000) Backbone dynamics of a bacterially expressed peptide from the receptor binding domain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pilin strain PAK from heteronuclear H-15N NMR spectroscopy. J Biomol NMR 17 239-255... 

Purification of lactococdn G identified two peptides, a and p, that individually exhibited marginal levels of activity. Upon complementation of the two peptides in a 7a ip ratio, a seven-fold increase in activity was noted [47]. AUison et al. [48] proved that lactacin F activity and host range were expanded upon the complementation of two heterologously expressed peptides of the lactacin F operon, although initially only one bioactive peptide (LafA) was purified... 

McGrath, M.F., de Bold, A.J. (2005) Determinants of natriuretic peptide gene expression. Peptides 26 933-943. 

Tripet B, Yu L, Bautista DL, Wong WY, Irvin RT, Hodges RS. Engineering a de novo-designed coiled-coil heterodimerization domain for the rapid detection, purification and characterization of recombinantly expressed peptides and proteins. Protein Eng 1996 9(ll) 1029-42. 

Additional regulatory peptides identified by immunohistochemistry in NEB cells of human and animal lungs include cholecystokinin (31), substance P (32), endothelin (33), and somatostatin (34). A minor subpopulation of PNEC or NEB was found to express peptide YY (35), helodermin (36), and pituitary adenyl cyclase-activating protein (37). The function of these peptides in O2 sensing by NEB cells or in lung physiology in general has not been defined. 

Reubi, J.C., Gugger, M. Waser, B. (2002) Co-expressed peptide receptors in breast cancer as a molecular basis for in vivo multireceptor tumour targeting Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol Imaging, Vol. 29, No. 7, pp. 855-862. 

As an alternative approach to solution-state NMR methods, which are ineffective with lipid bilayer samples, solid-state NMR methods have been refined sufficiently to permit structural details to be obtained for membrane-embedded peptides and proteins. This usually requires isotopic enrichment, either through chemical synthesis or biosynthetic incorporation in expressed peptides and proteins. In the absence of routine X-ray crystallographic structural studies for these molecules, solid-state NMR spectroscopy has the potential to be a powerful and unique approach to determining the structures and describing the dynamics and functions of membranes and membrane-bound proteins. In addition, solid-state NMR spectroscopy has been widely used to describe lipid structure, dynamics and phase properties. Thus, solid-state NMR experiments can be... 

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