Adrenal steroidogenesis

Anastrazole is a nonsteroidal, type H, aromatase inhibitor that is 200 times more potent than aminoglutethimide. It is eliminated primarily via hqDatic metabolism, has a terminal half life of 50 h with steady state concentrations achieved approximately 10 days with once daily dosing regimens. It is administered orally at a dose of 1 mg/day that achieves near maximal aromatase inhibition and hence estrogen suppression in breast cancer patients. No effect on adrenal steroidogenesis has been observed at up to ten times the daily recommended dose. When used in the metastatic setting, anastrozole has been shown... 

Inhibitors of Adrenal Steroidogenesis Aminoglutethimide Inhibits conversion of 250 mg every High incidence of Used in ACTH-independent cases... 

W5. Wade, C. E., Lindberg, J. S Cockrell, J. L Lamiell, J. M Hunt, M. M., Ducey, J., and Jumey, T. H., Upon-admission adrenal steroidogenesis is adapted to the degree of illness in intensive care unit patients. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 67,223-227 (1988). 

Similarly, five closely related melanocortin receptors that respond to various peptides derived from the POMC precursor have been identified (Fig. 18-7) [24]. As expected, the receptor on adrenal cortical cells responds best to ACTH, which normally stimulates adrenal steroidogenesis, and the receptor on melano cytes responds best to aMSH, which causes skin darkening. However, the pattern of melanocortin receptor expression in the brain is not simply explained by the known patterns of peptide expression in the brain or by the known effects of POMC-derived peptides when applied to various brain regions. With this number of peptide receptors, it is obvious that production of final peptide products must be precisely controlled and that different biosynthetic processing pathways can dramatically affect the biological activity observed (Figs 18-5,18-7). 

This effect could have reflected involvement of prolactin in adrenal steroidogenesis or salt and water homeostasis. 

Wagner RL, White PF, Kan PB, Rosenthal MH, Feldman D. Inhibition of adrenal steroidogenesis by the anesthetic etomidate. N Engl J Med 1984 310 1415-21. 

TCDD. Based on these results, the authors concluded that 2,3,7,8-TCDD may interfere with secretion or synthesis of appropriate, bioactive ACTH from the anterior pituitary gland, which could compromise adrenal steroidogenesis. 

DiBartolomeis MJ, Moore RW, Peterson RE, et al. 1986. Hypercholesterolemia and the regulation of adrenal steroidogenesis in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-treated rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 85 313-323. 

Fig. 7. Adrenal steroidogenesis in the simple virilizing and salt-wasting forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (from Ref. 53, with permission).

Because of its potent inhibitory effects on adrenal steroidogenesis by interference with cytochrome CYP450, ketoconazole controls hypercortisolism when surgery is contraindicated or unsuccessful. The effects of oral ketoconazole 200-1200 mg qds for 65-83 months in three... 

Conley, A.J. and I.M. Bird. The role of cytochrome P450 17a-hydroxylase and 3/3-hydroxylase and 3(3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the integration of gonadal and adrenal steroidogenesis via the A5 and A4 pathways of steroidogenesis in mammals. Biol. Reprod. 56 789-799, 1997. 

Factors Affecting Adrenal Steroidogenesis Herbert Sheppard 2, 263... 

Chapter 25. Factors Affecting Adrenal Steroidogenesis Herbert Sheppard Research Dept., CIBA Pharmaceutical Co., Summit, N.J. 

NR4A1 nullizygous mice have no discernible phenotype and display no abnormalities in hypothalamic regulation, pituitary fundion, adrenal steroidogenesis [53], and in thymic and peripheral T cell death [54], indicating a functional redundancy among NR4A nuclear receptors. 

Besman, M. J., Yanagibashi, K., Lee, T. D., Kawamura, M., Hall, P. F., and Shively, J. E. (1989). Identification of des-(Gly-Ile)-endozepine as an effector of corticotropin-dependent adrenal steroidogenesis stimulation of cholesterol delivery is mediated by the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S AS6, 4897 901. 

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