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Steering the approach

From the sphere-dimer studies, two major conclusions emerge. The first is that the trajectory method can be extended to structured reactants with anisotropic reactivity and anisotropic direct forces and hydrodynamic interactions. The second major conclusion is that complicated electrostatic interactions between species with anisotropic reactivity can "steer" the approaching particles into favorable orientations and enhance the reaction rate. For these model studies, rate enhancements up to 20% have been obtained. The second conclusion is likely to be of considerable relevance to molecular biology. In the third and final series of simulations, the Brownian dynamics trajectory method is applied to a particular biological system. [Pg.226]

The simulation control includes the methods of generating price simulation scenarios either manually, equally distributed or using stochastic distribution approaches such as normal distribution. In addition, the number of simulation scenarios e g. 50 is defined. The optimization control covers preprocessing and postprocessing phases steering the optimization model. The optimization model is then iteratively solved for a simulated price scenario and optimization results including feasibility of the model are captured separately after iteration. Simulation results are then available for analysis. [Pg.251]

Feldman and Campbell, on the other hand, used hydrogen-bonding interactions to enforce a particular stereo- and regiochemical outcome of the sohd-state photocycloaddition of a naphthoic acid-derived cinnamic acid [45]. In a conceptually similar approach, Scheffer demonstrated that diamines can form double salts with a variety of trans-cinnamic acid derivatives. The locking in place of the double bonds steers the sohd-state [2+2] photodimerization [46]. [Pg.83]

Indeed, the mechanism of these (salen)Mn catalysts activity is still of considerable controversy. Katsuki, for instance, who has focused recently on the reactivity of binap-derived catalysts (e.g., 6) with various cu-olefins [95SL827] as well as cyclic trisubstituted olefins [95SL197], maintains that all observations can be rationalized solely on the basis of steric and electronic steering of the substrate during the approach to the catalyst. According to... [Pg.46]

The utopian and pessimistic approaches of Benjamin and Adorno resonate through Synthetic Worlds and steer the interpretations of historical events. Equally, the efforts to repair divisions - human, cosmic, disciplinary - through thought, through philosophies that think potential, while acknowledging the hurts of actuality, can be traced to them. Rifts are breached here, in segues that are more or less reasonable. [Pg.23]

H. Visually steer the missile to the target. Gain some Initial altitude and then allow the missile to approach the target on a shallow glide path. [Pg.53]

One approach to this situation is to research low latency update mechanisms across a group of participants, either by sophisticated communication schemes or the sheer reduction of information that has to be synchronized. A Virtual Reality application usually processes a lot of data for the visualization. In comparison to that, interaction events that actually steer the application are both, small in size and less frequent in comparison to video interrupts from the graphics hardware. A simple, but working approach is to share interaction events between collaborative applications in order to ensure data locking. This approach can be used for the synchronization of PC cluster based large displays and is depicted in the following section. [Pg.288]

The most fruitful approach steers the middle course of establishing simple theoretical models of the complex in terms of suitable transferable parameters which may be calculated, or determined empirically by some other technique which is, in itself independent of the chirality of the complex. The empirical rules may then be assessed theoretically, and the range of their validity defined explicitly in terms of such parameters. The critical discussion of such a simple, unified model in terms of transferable, well-defined parameters is the main aim of this paper. [Pg.73]

To conclude this section, it emerges that LCT offers an excellent approach to the control of excited-state dynamics. Here, the total electric field is composed out of two components where the first transfers population from the ground to the excited state, and the second steers the excited-state energy absorption. Concerning the efficiency and for the parameters regarded, it is not important if the fields interact successively or simultaneously. [Pg.72]

Another possibility is that an effective viscosity of foam, such as the one measured and calculated by Hirasaki and Lawson (7) for capillary tubes, can be used in equation 3. Although such a choice would require the assumption of some arbitrary value for relative permeability, it could be used to give useful predictions for flow resistance in the reservoir. There is disagreement as to which of the choices steers the best course to follow. It is perhaps wisest to use an empirical approach, to measure only what is possible to measure at this time, and to wait patiently and receptively for future revelations. [Pg.215]


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