Steel-making dusts

Sampling of Raw Materials and Iron- and Steel-making Dusts... 

BOF steel-making byproducts include BOF slag, air pollution control (APC) dust, and water treatment plant (WTP) sludge. BOF slag is composed of calcium silicates and ferrites combined with... 

A lung cancer cluster was identified in steel mill workers who worked in the melt shop of an electric steel-making operationJ18 That mill cast carbon and specialty steels from scrap metals. The raw materials for the plant included automobile industry scrap, construction materials, and containers that were coated with oil-based and other organic materials. Flue dust analysis revealed the following hydrophilic compounds ... 

Binder and/or lubricant selection depends on many considerations which are specific for the particular application. The additives must be compatible with the material to be agglomerated and the proposed uses of the product. For example, for pharmaceutical or food applications no toxic materials can be selected and for agglomeration of metal-bearing dusts intended for use in steel making sulfur-containing additives are normally prohibited. Many such limitations may be defined for specific materials and applications. 

W. Kaas et al, Production and preparation of reinforced filter dust briquettes from special steel making operation , Metallurgical Plant and Technology, 3,145-51 (1984). 

Any pyrometallurgical processing of zinc will likely volatilize zinc. In steel-making, for example, where the temperatures are around the melting point of iron (1536°C), zinc present in the raw materials is condensed as zinc dust in the ductwork and bag houses above the furnace. 

Environmentally regulated substances transfer from scrap to newly produced steel, slag, and dust. Usually, we do not need to think about dissolution of environmentally regulated substances from the steel because the steel is used on the premise that it does not dissolve in water. However, substances incorporated into the steel influence the mechanical properties, its workability, etc. This is described at the end of the chapter. Dissolution of the regulated substances from slag and dust is an important problem. The dust exhaust, from the steel-making process using... 

To further understand the behaviour of these radionuclides and to support the ciurent EPR2011 permits, Tata Steel UK has developed in-house radioanalytical methods for the measurement of °Po and °Pb in a wide range of iron and steel-making materials including raw materials, waste dusts and emission samples. The methods have been validated and accredited by the United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS) according to the International Standard Organisation (ISO) 17025. 

The marketable slag makes up about 10 to 15% of the steel output, or 210 to 300 lb/t of steel.1 BOF dust and sludge generated during the cleaning of gases emitted from the BOF represent two of the three largest-volume wastes typically land disposed by the iron and steel industry. 

Tetronics A process for treating dusts from electrical arc furnaces for making steel and nonferrous metals. Volatile metals (zinc, lead, cadmium) are recovered, and residual slag is nontoxic and suitable for landfill. The dusts, mixed with coal dust and a flux, are fed to a furnace heated by a plasma gun. The metal oxides present are selectively reduced and the vapors of zinc, lead, and cadmium are condensed in a modified Imperial Smelting furnace. Developed by Tetronics Research Development Company, United Kingdom, and first commercialized for steel dusts at Florida Steel, Jackson, TN, in 1989. Seven plants were operating in several countries in 1992. 

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