Starch tragacanth

Polysaccharide materials Starch, cellulose, plant gums (arabic gum, tragacanth, karaya, ghatti, guar, locust bean, fruit tree gum) Paper, paint binders, adhesives... 

Although the pyrolysis of some classes of polysaccharide materials has been studied quite extensively in the food, petrol and tobacco industry, very little has been published specifically on polysaccharide binders (arabic gum, tragacanth gum, fruit tree gum, honey and starch). The pyrolysis of glucane based polymers, especially cellulose, has been studied in detail [6,55], highlighting how anhydrosugars and furan derivatives are the main pyrolysis products, together with one-, two- and three-carbon aldehydes and acids. 

The crude gum tragacanth is a mixture of the salt of a complex acid polysaccharide and a neutral polysaccharide composed principally of L-arabinose residues. Starch is also present in the gum. The acid character of this gum is due to units of D-galacturonic acid and not D-glucuronic acid and it is of interest to note that in its ability to form gels it resembles pectin and the plant mucilages, which also contain D-galacturonic acid. 

Common suspending agents are poly(vinyl alcohols) of various molecular weights and degrees of hydrolysis, starches, gelatin, calcium phosphate (especially freshly precipitated calcium phosphate dispersed in water to be used in the preparation), salts of poly(acrylic acid), gum arabic, gum tragacanth, etc. 

Polysorbates or sorbitan esters, acacia, and tragacanth Aluminum magnesium silicate, bentonite, carbomers, cellulose derivatives, gelatin, pectin, polyvinyl alcohol, alginates, starch, and xanthan gum Borates, citrates, acetates, and phosphates... 

The insoluble part of gum-tragacanth—bamorin—is similar to that of gnm-bassora. Starch globules may be seen, in it, with the aid of a good microscope, and the blue coloration produced in it by iodine is a proof of the presence in it of that principle. 

GurnouuT states that neither arabin nor bassorin are present in gum-tragacanth, but that it is composed of on organised gelatmiform matter, very diverse, both chemically and physically, from gum-arabic, and which swells and divides in water, so as partially to traverse a filter. The same chemist considers the insoluble portion of tragacanth to be a compound of starch and lignin, and to have, in no respect, the same properties with bassorin. 

Other polysaccharides have found widespread application Gums, which are complex, highly branched polysaccharides produced by plants, form very viscous solutions in water at low concentrations. Examples such as gum tragacanth have been used as thickening agents in foods in place of starch and to alter the texture of ice cream. 

Pencils, medicated Cylinders used in dermatologic practice to apply medicinal agents directly to the skin. The medicinal agent is incorporated into a paste consisting of starch, dextrin, tragacanth, and sucrose... 

Other substances incompatible with chlorhexidine salts include viscous materials such as acacia, sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, starch, and tragacanth. Also incompatible are brilliant green, chloramphenicol, copper sulfate, fluorescein sodium, formaldehyde, silver nitrate, and zinc sulfate. 

Incompatible with halides anionic emulsifying agents and suspending agents tragacanth starch talc sodium metabisulfite sodium thiosulfate disodium edetate silicates aluminum and other metals amino acids ammonia and ammonium salts sulfur compounds rubber and some plastics. 

The antimicrobial activity of phenylmercuric salts may be reduced in the presence of anionic emulsifying agents and suspending agents, tragacanth, starch, talc, sodium metabisul-fite, sodium thiosulfate, disodium edetate, and silicates... 

The gum consists of a mixture of water-insoluble and water-soluble polysaccharides. Bassorin, which constitutes 60-70% of the gum, is the main water-insoluble portion, while the remainder of the gum consists of the water-soluble material tragacanthin. On hydrolysis, tragacanthin yields L-arabinose, L-fucose, D-xylose, D-galactose, and D-galacturonic acid. Tragacanth gum also contains small amounts of cellulose, starch, protein, and ash. 

---