Stapled structure

The triblock copolymer is more effective than the corresponding diblock copolymer in increasing the fracture toughness, because most of the triblock copolymer chains loop around to form staple structures (which are not possible with the diblock copolymer) at the interface. 

From the viewpoint of accommodation to the filter-supporting structure, some cloths cannot be used, even though the filtering characteristics are excellent. For rotary drum filters, for example, the cloth is pressed onto the drum by the caulking method, which uses cords that pass over the drum. In this case, the closely woven cloths manufactured from monofilament polyethylene or polypropylene fiber are less desirable than more flexible cloths of polyfilament fibers or staple cloths. 

Forward, J.M., Fackler, J.P. and Staples, R.J. (1995) Synthesis and structural characterization of the luminescent Gold(I) Complex [(MeTPAJjAulJIj. Use of NaBPha as a phenyl transfer reagent to form [(MeTPA)AuPh](BPh4) and (TPA) AuPh. Organometallics, 14, 4194—4198. 

Assefa, Z Forward, J.M., Grant T.A., Staples, R.J., Hanson, B.E., Mohamed, A.A. and Fackler, J.P. Jr (2003) Three-coordinate, luminescent, water-soluble gold(l) phosphine complexes structural characterization and photoluminescence properties in aqueous solution. Inorganica Chimica Acta, 352, 31 5. 

The coiling together of textile staple fibres, yams or threads to give the structure the required degree of strength, extensibility, flex resistance, etc. Twist is designated as so many turns per inch and either right hand (Z) or left hand (S). See S-Twist and Z-Twist. 

Three dimensional X-ray diffraction analysis has been employed to elucidate the molecular and crystal structure of Copper Phthalocyanine Blue ((3-modifica-tion). In all modifications, the planar and almost square phthalocyanine molecules are arranged like rolls of coins, i.e., in one dimensional stacks. The modifications vary only in terms of how these stacks are arranged relative to each other. One important aspect is the angle between staple axis and molecular plane. The a-phase features an angle of 24.7°, while the stacks in the -modification deviate by as much as 45.8° [13]. 

The three-dimensional crystal structure of Pigment Violet 23 (117) elucidates molecular staples whereby the stables of the single molecular planes are arranged in an almost perpendicular orientation to each other. Interactions of the -ir-orbitals as well as van der Waals forces are responsible for the cohesion of the structure. The degree of overlapping is especially high in the dioxazine part of the molecule [3],... 

Non-crystalline polymers or copolymers can also be used to generate fibers with relatively low softening temperatures. Such fibers can be blended with regular fibers, e.g. staples, and bonded together by applying sufficient heat to melt the low-temperature component. Such fibers need not be exotic. The use of undrawn, amorphous fibers suffices for many such purposes, for example, bonded nonwo-ven webs formed from a mix of drawn and undrawn PET staple fibers. Without crystalline structure, the undrawn fibers will soften and become tacky at relatively low temperatures, so providing bond sites. 

The concepts of reciprocal space, the BriUouin zone, and the like are staples in essentially all solid-state physics textbooks. The Further Reading sections in Chapters 1 and 2 list examples. Another source that gives a very clear introduction to the concepts of energy levels, energy bands, k space, and band structure is R. Hoffmann,... 

Jaskolski M, Tomasselli AG, Sawyer TK, Staples RL, Heinrikson RL, Schneider J, Kent SBH,. Wlodawer A. Structure at 2.5 A resolution of chemically synthesized Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 protease complexed with a hydroxy ethylene-based inhibitor, v Biochemistry. 1991 30 1600-1609. 

Carbohydrates are the most abundant biomolecules on Earth. Each year, photosynthesis converts more than 100 billion metric tons of C02 and H20 into cellulose and other plant products. Certain carbohydrates (sugar and starch) are a dietary staple in most parts of the world, and the oxidation of carbohydrates is the central energy-yielding pathway in most nonphotosynthetic cells. Insoluble carbohydrate polymers serve as structural and protective elements in the cell walls of bacteria and plants and in the connective tissues of animals. Other carbohydrate polymers lubricate skeletal joints and participate in recognition and adhesion between cells. More complex carbohydrate polymers covalently... 

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