Standard BADGE

The charcoal tubes were broken open and the charcoal transferred into a stoppered glass test tube. One milliliter of carbon disulfide was pipetted into each tube, and 1.5 ml of carbon disulfide was pipetted into each 3M vapor monitor badge. After 30 minutes, aliquots of carbon disulfide were injected into the gas chromatograph and compared versus hydrocarbon standards prepared in carbon disulfide. The total areas of the sample and standard peaks were measured by the data system. 

Abcor "Gasbadge" organic vapor samplers and 3M 3500 Organic Vapor Monitors were purchased for use in this study. Abcor badges were loaded prior to each field trip in an office environment. Standard SKC charcoal tubes (100 mg collection section with 50 mg backup) were used, with DuPont P-200 pumps calibrated prior to each survey. 

Fig. 6.3 97.5th percentile exposure estimate (with a 95% confidence range) for the three age groups for BADGE using the Food Standards Agency, Food Surveillance Information Sheet 9, November 2000. Median dietary exposure estimate 0.04 tg/kg bw/day (0.03-0.053 tg/kg bw/day) (Hohnes et al. 2005). 

Food Standards Agency Food Surveillance Information Sheet - BADGE and related substances in canned foods, Number 9/00 - November 2000 http //archive.food.gov.uk/ fsainfsheet/2000/no9/9badge.htm... 

Then, an aliquot (4 ul) of the eluent is removed by syringe and injected into the GC-HS analyzer. The mass of organic vapor adsorbed by the badge is determined by comparison to injection of known standards taking into consideration the background values for CCl. ... 

Another security issue that has been discussed during recent NRC inspections has been the question of ensuring that only authorized persons have reason to be in the facilities where radioactive materials are in use. Most radioisotope labs do not use radioactive materials in such quantities that they meet the requirements for restricted areas under 10 CFR Part 20. Usually when personnel are at work, the laboratory doors are not locked. It is not incorporated in the standards, but it has been made clear that it would be desirable for holders of NRC hcenses to challenge the presence of any person not explicitly known to the employees as being in the area appropriately. In industry, most employees in a facility wear badges identifying them, but in academic institutions where most scientists also teach, such a policy would make it difficult for them to maintain free access to them by their students. NRC inspections are almost always unannounced, so all security and compliance measures must be current and ready to withstand an inspection at any time. 

Radiation standard found in 29 CFR 1910.1096. Employers must supply appropriate personnel monitoring equipment such as film badges, pocket chambers, pocket dosimeters, or film rings. 

Radiation-sensitive photographic film detects gamma and X-rays. The radiation affects the emulsion similar to light. When compared to standards, the developed films establish the radiation exposure. A common dosimetry device using this method is a film badge. 

B. Passive Monitors—Ethylene oxide diffuses into the monitor and is collected in the sampling media. The DuPont Pro-Tek badge collects EtO in an absorbing solution, which is analyzed colorimetrically to determine the amount of EtO present. The 3M 350 badge collects the EtO on chemically treated charcoal. Other passive monitors are currently being developed and tested. Both 3M and DuPont have submitted data indicating their dosimeters meet the precision and accuracy requirements of the proposed ethylene oxide standard. Both presented laboratory validation data to 0.2 ppm (Exs. 11-65, 4-20, 108, 109, 130). 

We also believe that OSHA s proposed accuracy in this standard is appropriate. At plus or minus 25 percent at one part per million, and plus or minus 35 percent below that. And, our data indicates there s only one monitoring method, right now, that we ve tested thoroughly, that meets that accuracy requirements. That is the Du Pont Pro-Tek badge. We also believe that this kind of data should be confirmed by another independent laboratory, using the same type dynamic chamber testing (Tr. 1470)... 

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