Stainless steels sheet working

A3 CLIP STAINLESS STEEL SHEET METAL-WORK 1.4 ... 

In the case of the fibrous laminate not much work has been done, but it has been observed that a significant loss of stiffness in boron—aluminum laminate occurs when cycled in tension—tension (43,44). Also, in a manner similar to that in the laminated PMCs, the ply stacking sequence affects the fatigue behavior. For example, 90° surface pHes in a 90°/0° sequence develop damage more rapidly than 0° pHes. In the case of laminates made out of metallic sheets, eg, stainless steel and aluminum, further enhanced resistance against fatigue crack propagation than either one of the components in isolation has been observed (45). 

Zirconium is a hard, shiny, ductile metal, similar to stainless steel in appearance. It can be hot-worked to form slabs, rods, and rounds from arc-melted ingot. Further cold-working of zirconium with intermediate annealings produces sheet, foil, bar wire, and tubing. Physical properties are given in Table 3. 

Practically all metals that can be worked into thin sheets, including lead, Monel, nickel, aluminum, silver, Inconel, 18-8 stainless steel, platinum, copper, Hastelloy and others. 

The construction materials should be selected to withstand the operating conditions and the condition of the pollutants. Galvanized sheet steel and black mild steel are the most common for general work. Corrosion or heat applications will have ducting constructed in stainless steel or plastic. 

Similar to the experiments carried out at palladium electrodes and described in Chapter3, the concentration of electrolyte (c), the electrode surface area (A) and the distance between the electrodes (d) will be studied as a function of type of textile structure. In this work, three structures will be studied knitted, woven and non-woven textile structures, all obtained from stainless-steel fibres. To complete the data of this work, palladium sheets will also be inserted in the study as a fourth set of electrodes. Therefore, for palladium electrodes, the work described in section 9.2 will actually be repeated here in order to have a direct comparison between results obtained with palladium electrodes and textile electrodes. Of course, correlation with the data obtained in section 9.2 will be verified. 

Sheet, thin plate, welded tubing, and small-diameter bar of commercially pure titanium are manufactured into parts by conventional cold-working techniques. The formability of titanium, when worked at room temperature, is like that of cold-rolled stainless steel. At 65°C the formability compares with stainless steel annealed at room temperature. Cold-working maybe difficult for some titanium alloys and heat may be required, especially for severe forming operations. Generally, titanium and its alloys are worked between 200 and 300°C. Lubricants reduce friction and galling. Slow forming speeds at controlled rates improve workability and are recommended for more difficult operations. 

Samples of type 301 stainless steel were obtained which had been cold-worked 42, 62, and 78. The chemical analyses of these steels are given in Table I. The chemistry was normal for AISI type 301, except that carbon was held to a maximum of 0.10 to minimize carbide precipitation during welding. Standard sheet specimens were prepared for tensile tests, while notched sheet specimens were used to determine notch tensile strength. A notch-acuity factor of about 6.3 was... 

Survey your operations for potential exposure to hexavalent chromium. Employers can consult their suppliers or examine material safety data sheets or safety data sheets (MSDSs/SDSs) to identify Cr(VI)-containing materials that are present in the workplace. Also, remember Cr(VI) can be formed when performing hot work such as welding on stainless steel, melting chromium metal, or heating refractoiy bricks in kilns. 

---