Split fiber

P.R.176 provides very lightfast polyacrylonitrile spin dyeing products. The samples equal step 6-7 on the Blue Scale. Dry and wet crocking may affect the objects to a certain extent. P.R.176 is also used in polypropylene spin dyeing, especially for coarse textiles, such as carpet fibers, split fibers, filaments, bristles, or tape, but also for finer denier yams. A special pigment preparation for this purpose is commercially available. 1/3 SD samples tolerate exposure to up to 300°C for one minute or up to 290°C for 5 minutes. In terms of lightfastness, 0.1% colorations equal step 5-6 on the Blue Scale, while 2% samples match step 7. 

About half of the fibrous poly(olefin) textile products are produced in the form of strips, split fibers or monofilaments, another third as staple fibers and the rest as filament yams and textile composites. All poly(olefins) are characterized by excellent resistance to acids, alkalis and other chemicals. Due to this lack of affinity, on the other hand, all poly(olefin) fibers can only be colored by means of melt pigmentation [81]. ... 

An incompatible additive such as, for example, a salt or another polymer, is added to polymer forming the film in the uncontrolled chemical-mechanical fibrillation. The additive produces randomly distributed inhomogeneities which are oriented on drawing, thus facilitating fibrillation. Like the uncontrolled mechanical fibrillation, split fibers joined together netlike are also produced here. 

A distinction is made between melt, wet, dry, gel extrusion, and dispersion spinning. In all cases, one can start with polymer granulate, or in principle, with the polymerizate direct from the reactor. Split fiber formation is completely different. Fleece is generally produced by a thermally or chemically generated interfiber adhesion. 

Deformation band studies of axially compressed PpPTA filaments revealed two distinct types of kink bands. In filaments that show tangentially splitting bands at an angle of about 55° are observed, whereas in radially split fibers the kink bands are oriented perpendicular to the fiber axis. Hydrogen-bonded planes acting as slip planes and intermicrofibril slip play an important role in the deformation process during axial compression [215]. 

The mechanical properties of split film yams are comparable to that of filament yam or staple yam. Melt spun filaments exhibit a circular and highly uniform cross-section. Film-based fibers have rectangular, lemon-type or a banana-type cross-section and larger diameter variation. These differences result in changes of softness, handling, resilience, bulk and fiber to fiber friction. The main applications of split fibers are summarized in Table 2. 

Keywords split fiber, fibrillation, fibrillation tendency, processing, stretching, tape splitting, mesh structure, titre, film profiling, properties. 

Some split fibers impart sharp-angled edges in the surface of fiber, which act as gentle abraders when they are made into wiping cloths in the optical and precision... 

Figure 2.19 Evolon uses the spunlace jjtocess to split fibers into microfilaments [47].

Much polypropylene fiber is not spun, but produced from film. A film is blown, or cast on a chill roll, drawn 6-10 times and then fibrillated. There are numerous ways of slitting, fibrillating, and cutting. Split fiber finds applications in twines and ropes (as a replacement for sisal), cheap fabrics for bags and tarpaulins, and carpet backing (replacing jute). 

Film-fiber method Split fiber (or split-film fiber) Slit fiber (or slit-film fiber) Fibrillated film fibers... 

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