Spin finishing components

The commercial importance of spin finishes can be realized from the sheer volume of synthetic fibers produced. For the year 2000, the production figures of the three major synthetic fibers, e.g., polyester, polyamide (nylon), and poly(acrylonitrile) were approximately 18, 4, and 3 million tons, respectively (51). If spin finishes are applied at 0.25-0.5% level, the annual requirement of these finishes will be in the range of 70-140 thousand tons. This has given rise to industries that supply spin-finish components and completely formulated spin finishes for specific applications (52). An experimental nonproprietory spin finish formulation supplied to TRI/Princeton by Henkel Corp. follows ... 

UkarO. aCIPLC] Modified alcohol al-koxyli textile spin-finish component... 

EMEREST Glycerol Esters are based on fatty acids. In the leather and textile industries, they are used as components in lubricants, softeners, and dye carriers, and as co-emulslfiers for synthetic fiber spin finishes. Industrial applications include uses as lubricants, rust preventatives, and mold release agents. 

Has a monoester content of 50-60%, free glycerol 1%, and moisture 1%, maximum. It is used as a component in mold release agents, a vehicle for agricultural insecticides, an anti-icing fuel additive, and a rust preventive additive for compounded oils. It is used in the textile industry as a lubricant component in synthetic fiber spin finishes. 

Uses Mfg. of syn. textile fibers antistat spinning oil for carpets finish component in food-contact poly (phenyleneterephthalamide) resins... 

Industrial lubricant used in aluminiun foil rolling and wire drawing, component in synthetic fiber spin finishing and fiber and yarn processing products. 

Component in mold release agents and synthetic fiber spin finishes insecticide vehicle, antiicing fuel additive and rust preventative for compounded oils. 

A yam without spin finish cannot be processed yam-metal friction is too high, and static charge would build up. A finish is therefore applied before the yam first touches guides, rolls, and so on. Finishes can have sophisticated compositions, but two components are always present lubricants and antistatics. In water-based finishes emulsifiers are a third essential component. Finishes are specific for certain... 

Spin finishes often used to be solutions in white spirit, but for environmental reasons this is no longer the case. Emulsions in water, or finishes without a diluent - so-called neat oils, with components of a sufficiently low viscosity - are used instead. 

A standard requirement for automotive textiles (fabrics, carpets, nonwovens) is the low fogging effect, i.e., the condensation of volatile components of the spin-finished treated material inside the car windows (the so-called window fogging effect) [97]. 

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and PAN/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) precursor fibers coated by spin finishes were characterized using the H ssNMR technique, these include Hahn echo sequences and by the Ti analysis. Ghoshal et al. found that the presence of CNT affects the relaxation time of the polymer in the composite fiber, however, that of relatively mobile components remains unaffected. 

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