Fogging effect

PE foams are recommended because of their properties, especially for use in packaging. In medical technology they are also of interest because of their purity. In car construction we value their flexibility that is almost independent of temperature as well as the very low fogging effect. This study shows how the real strength of PE foams can be improved. 

Fig. 7.9 Water contact angle and anti-fogging effect.

SVOCs responsible for the fogging effect paraffins, higher fatty acids and esters, phthalates, phosphoric acid esters, organosilicon compounds, haloge-nated hydrocarbons, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur compounds. 

In addition to the special regulations designed to prevent emissions and fogging effects, European chemical legislation will in future also follow and control... 

Of note, an interesting phenomenon that sometimes occurs in the subacute phase of stoke is the CT fogging effect, in which irreversibly infarcted regions disappear on unenhanced CT performed on older generation scanners, 2-6 weeks after stroke onset (Fig. 3.3). With fogging, the acute-phase CT low attenuation - due to edema - is thought to resolve, to be replaced by higher attenuation infiltration of... 

Figure 18. Comparing ordinary float glass (a) with anti-fogging glass with superhydrophilicity effect (b), were the water forms a thin sheet, with no fogging effect.

In addition, it is important that the water should be filtered in underground first before magnetized. The reason is that if the water is filtered in the ground and then transported to working face by pipeline, in this process, there may produce other impurities which could reduce the fog effect. 

The fogging effect that can be experienced on the bathroom mirrors and the windows of cars is caused by the condensation of water damp that forms small droplets on the surfaces. Until now, the main approach to prevent this type of fogging has been to create a hydrophobic surface that repels the water molecules. This method still leads to creation of water drops that have to be removed from the surfaces for example by blowing or shaking. 

A standard requirement for automotive textiles (fabrics, carpets, nonwovens) is the low fogging effect, i.e., the condensation of volatile components of the spin-finished treated material inside the car windows (the so-called window fogging effect) [97]. 

Hackney, J.D., W.S. Linn, and E.L. Avol (1989), Acid fog Effects on respiratory function and symptoms in healthy and asthmatic volunteers. Environ. Health Persp. 79 159-162. 

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