Speed management

Environment Road design and road layout Pedestrian infrastructure Speed management Crash protective roadside objects Rescue resources Congestion... 

TRL Report 363, Urban speed management methods, 1998 The report provides information on speed reduction for various measures, as shown in the table below. 

Proceedings of the 1998 Speed Management Conference, Archie Mackie, TRL... 

Maintaining control of the vehicle at all times Speed management (matching speed to visibility and traction)... 

The Safety Research Program http //www.tfhrc.gov/safety/index.htm (accessed September 14, 2010) focuses on intersections, pedestrians and bicyclists, roadsides, run-off-road accidents and speed management, and provides access to technical reports, articles, and other resources. 

Hirst, W.M., Mountain, L.J., and Maher, M.J. 2005. Are speed enforcement cameras more effective than other speed management measures An evaluation of the relationship between speed and accident reductions. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 4(37), 731-741. 

Elvik, R. 2002. To what extent can theory account for the findings of road safety evaluation studies In Proceedings of the 15th ICTCT Workshop on Speed Management and Implementation. Brno, Czech Republic, 24-25 October. 

Without a doubt, speed is an important (or even the most important) factor which has an influence on road safety. Crashes that occur at relatively low speeds can also result in rather serious injury if the human body is unprotected an example being a blind spot crash between a heavy goods vehicle and a cyclist. An OECD report on speed management concluded that approximately one-third of fatal crashes are (at least partly) due to high or inappropriate speeds (OECD/ECMT, 2006). 

OECD/ECMT. 2006. Speed Management. Joint Transport Research Centre of the OECD and... 

Another common speed management technique is speed enforcement. There is ample evidence that drivers respond to perceived enforcement by adjusting their behavior, most notably by reducing their speed (Shinar and McKnight, 1985). The effect of enforcement is typically maximal at the site of the perceived enforcement, but halo effects - an extension of the effect... 

Perhaps the most enduring and cost-effective speed management approach is through road design. This has been demonstrated with various traffic calming techniques that are employed primarily in urban high pedestrian concentration areas. A detailed discussion of the effectiveness of several such techniques is provided in Chapter 15. 

Engineering, enforcement, and educational speed management techniques must be integrated and coordinated. No single technique can effectively accomplish the goals of the program. 

The road safety community must work with legislators to insure that the necessary legislation is enacted and revised as needed to accomplish the speed management goals. 

Mountain, L. J., W. M. Hirst and M. J. Maher (2005). Are speed enforcement cameras more effective than other speed management measures The impact of speed management schemes on 30 mph roads. Accid. Anal. Prev., 37, 742-754. 

Klundt, K., J. L. Brown, J. Richman and J. L. Campbell (2006). Human Factors Literature Reviews on Intersections, Speed Management, Pedestrians and Bicyclists, and Visibility. Federal Highway Administration. Report FHWA-HRT-06-034. U.S. Department of Transportations, Washington DC. 

VAD 13] Vadeby A., Forsman A., Speed management in Sweden Evaluation of a new speed limit system . Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Road Safety on Four Continents, Beijing, China, 15-17 May, 2013. 

Speed management is an important issue in road safety, with a direct link to accident severity. Relevant research plays an important role in the evaluation of speed related measures, based on the availability of data for reliable statistical analyses. 

Roadway Delineation Roadway Signs and Traffic Control Shoulder Treatments Speed Management Work Zones... 

Source OECD, Speed Management, in European Conference of Ministers of Transport, Paris, France, 2006. 

Sligoris, J. 110 kilometre per hour speed hmit—Evaluation of road safety effects. Quoted in Barton and Cunningham, Recent developments in speed management in Victoria. The Speed Review Appendix of Working Papers. 1992, Monash University Accident Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. 

Discusses the controversial issue of speed and speeding and shows how a new approach to speed management will be fundamental to transformational change... 

---