Spectrum stabilization active

It has a number of advantages, having a broad spectrum of activity against both bacteria and fungi. It does not require co-formulation with a separate fungicide. It exhibits good thermal stability and is free of formaldehyde. 

DMDM HYDANTOIN Typical use concentrations 0.15 -0.4% Cheap Water soluble Low oil solubility Broad spectrum of activity Active at low concentrations Active between pH 4 -10 Non-volatile Good heat stability Formaldehyde donor... 

Meropenem (Merrem) is another carbapenem antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity comparable to that of imipenem. A methyl group attached at the one-position on the five-member ring confers stability to dehydropeptidase 1. Consequently, meropenem does not require administration with cilastatin. When compared in human trials, imipenem-cilastatin and meropenem achieve similar clinical outcomes in patients with serious intraabdominal and soft tissue infections. Both imipenem-cilastatin and meropenem are used to treat infections caused by highly resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae producing ESBLs.The major cUnicaUy relevant distinction between imipenem-cilastatin and meropenem... 

Shelf stability of a product is of critical importance because it is affected by longterm antimicrobial and antioxidizing activity enhanced by preservative agents compared to only antimicrobial agents that are added to dressings for thwarting infection in a wound. Preferably, a preservative can be added to a product that possesses broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity that will allow the product to maintain activity before reaching a planned expiration date, and prevent infection when applied to wounds. 

These efforts to find a satisfactory route to 7a-methoxycephalosporins and 6a-methoxypenicillins proved to be reasonable, in so far as the cephamycin family (A, B, C) turned out to possess an advantageous antimicrobial spectrum and activity both in vivo and in vitro, with appreciable /3-lactamase stability. The latter feature is especially conspicuous in the case of cephamycin C (111c) [196-200] (Tables 8.19-8.22). 

Based on a broad spectrum of activity, IFNy is of great pharmaceutical interest with a wide variety of clinical expectancy, including antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory effects. However, the thermodynamic stability of recombinant IFNy is low, limiting its clinical application. New research has indicated that the insertion of additional new disulfide bonds will enhance the thermodynamic stability and protect the protein against proteolytic degradation, resulting in better pharmaceutical characteristics. ... 

Research is active to produce precatalysts that are stable in air, highly active, well-defined, and possess a broad spectrum of activity. One such precatalyst is complex 68, which consists of Pd complexed with a sterically hindered NHC carbene (Section 10-1-1). Also present is a substituted pyridine ligand (a so-called throw-away ligand). Complex 68 is a member of the PEPPSI (pyridine-enhanced precatalyst preparation, stabilization, and mtitiation) family... 

The biological activity of SQ 28,112 (43), shown in Table 4, is typical of the monophosphatams which possess the same spectrum of activity as aztreonam, but have comparatively lower intrinsic activity and P-lactamase stability. 

Macrolide antibiotics contain a many-membered lactone ring (14-membered rings for erythromycin and clarithromycin, and a 15-membered ring for azithromycin) to which are attached one or more deoxy sugars. Clarithromycin differs from erythromycin only by methylation of the hydroxyl group at the 6 position, and azithromycin differs by the addition of a methyl-substituted nitrogen atom into the lactone ring. These structural modifications improve acid stability and tissue penetration and broaden the spectrum of activity. 

Recently, chemical modifications have been carried out with the aim of increasing its insecticidal spectrum, residual activities, and chemical stability. Ivermectin, doramectin, emamectin, eprinomectin, and selamectin have been developed, and KAV-218 has been under development (Fig. 35). 

It is a short-acting second-generation cephalosporins normally administered IM or IV. It exhibits a broader spectrum of activity with an increased aetivity against Haemophilus influenzae, besides the enterobacteriaceae produced as a result from a overwhelmingly enhaneed stability to the -lactamases. 

The chemical substituents attached to the penicillin nucleus can greatly influence the stability of the penicillins as well as the spectrum of activity. It is important to recognize whether the structural changes affect drug stability on the shelf or in the Gl tract (in vivo), improve stability toward bacterial metabolism, or enlarge the spectrum of activity. 

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