Solonetz soils

S.U. Khan, Organic matter association with soluble salts in the water extract of a black solonetz soil, Soil Sci. 109 (1970) 227-228. 

Khan, S. U. and Schnitzer, M. (1972). Permanganate oxidation of humic acids, fulvic acids, and humins extracted from Ah horizons of a black chernozem, a black solod, and black solonetz soil. Can. J. Soil Sci. 52, 43-51. 

Habitat Found among Achnatherum splendens (Trin.) Nevski on the coast of Lake Ysyk-Kol, on solonetzic soils, and in fallow and cultivated fields. Not found high into the mountains. 

A solonetzic soil from Edensburg shows a mixed-layer illite-montmorillonite mineral only in the top horizon. 

A characteristic of desert landscape in Australia and South Africa is a silica deposit termed silcrete, which may contain as much as 99% silica (Williamson [1957]). It has been suggested that this may be formed by the cementation of sand by upward movement of silica-rich waters, but this mode of formation certainly does not apply to all silcrete deposits (Jackson [1957]). Silica in the form of white powder has been noted on the surface of Hungarian solonetz soils. The KOH extracts from these soils contain silica and alumina in the ratio of 2 1, indicating degradation which can apparently be halted by organic maturing (Szabolcs and Darab [1958]). 

Westin, F. C., 1953. Solonetz soils of eastern South Dakota, their properties and genesis. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 17 287. 

A common critical limit for Zn deficiency in soils has been 0.5 mg/kg DTPA-extractable Zn for different crops (maize, wheat, and rice) (Sillanpaa, 1982). DTPA-extractable Zn concentration of 0.5-1.0 mg/kg has been marginal for sensitive crops (Sillanpaa, 1982). Brown isohumic calcareous soils of New South Wales in Australia with 35-60 mg/kg of total Zn showed Zn deficiency due to the low bioavailability of Zn. Zinc deficiency has been reported to occur in wheat on solidized solonetz and solodic soils and other calcareous soils of South Australia. Zinc application at the rate of 0.6-28 kg/ha to cereals, pastures, and maize of Australia has been reported (Reuter, 1975). Zn deficiency occurs in Turkey, India, Iraq, Mexico, and Pakistan (Table 7.8). Zinc deficiency is frequently observed in rice on calcareous paddy soils. 

Khan, S. U. 1971. Distribution and characteristics of organic matter extracted from the black solonetzic and black chernozemic soils of Alberta The humic acid fraction. Soil Sci, 112 401. 

Solonetz. A soil consisting of a very thin, friable surface soil underlain by a dark, hard columnar layer usually highly alkaline formed under subhu-mid to arid, cool to hot climates, and under a native vegetation of salt-tolerant plants. 

The main characteristic features of these ecosystems are related to the continental climate and low precipitation, precipitationipotential (and actual) evapotranspiration (PTE). P PE ranges between 0.6-0.3. In accordance with the given climatic conditions, the soils of steppe ecosystems (Chernozems, Kastanozems, Solonetzes) are characterized by the presence of a few buffer layers, such as humus, carbonate, and gypsum that makes them insensitive to actual and potential loads of pollutants. 

The results of fractionation and characterization studies of naturally occurring organo-clay complexes in a B t-horizon of a black solonetz silty clay loam were reported by Arshad and Lowe (1966). This soil was predominantly montmorillonitic with relatively large amounts of kaolinite in the coarse fraction and only traces in the fine clay. The data indicated that more organic matter was associated with the coarse clay fraction than with the fine clay. The percentage of extractable organic matter increased with decrease in particle size. There was no evidence of adsorption of organic matter in the clay lattice. As... 

Solonetz (S) Other soils having a natric B horizon ... 

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