Organo clay

When organic cations (e.g., cationic tensides) are employed, clay organo-complexes are formed, which can be used in organic solvents. A Pd-hexadecy-lammonium montmorillonite catalyst was prepared by the reduction of Pd(OAc)2 by ethanol in the interlamellar space. At small ethanol concentrations in toluene, selective interlamellar sorption of ethanol was established consequently, the reduction also occurred only in the interlamellar space.160 The catalyst was used for the hydrogenation of alkenes.161... 

Zapata, P., Belver, C., Quijada, R., Aranda, P., and Ruiz-Hitzky, E. (2013) Silica/clay organo-heterostructures to promote polyethylene-clay nanocomposites by... 

Non-soap greases using finely divided solids as thickeners are useful as lubricants at elevated temperatures. Materials used include organO Clays such as dimethyldioctyl-decyl-ammonium bentonite (Bentone greases) or selected dyestuffs which produce brightly coloured greases. 

Novel room-temperature-vulcanized silicone mbber-organo-MMT nanocomposites were prepared by a solution intercalation process by Wang et al. [104]. A new strategy was developed by Ma et al. [105] to prepare disorderly exfoliated nanocomposites, in which a soft siloxane surfactant with a weight-average molecular weight of 1900 was adopted to modify the clay. 

Several conditions are necessary for satisfactory surface coatings, e.g., nondrip applications. There is a balance between the ease of use and sagging of the paint during and after administration. Thixotropic additives, e.g., organo-montmorillonite clays are added. These form 3-dimensional networks, which are easily broken down by shear. 

Carrado, K.A. (2000) Synthetic organo-and polymer-days preparation, characterization and materials applications. Applied Clay Science, 17, 1-23. 

Bors J (1990) Sorption of radioiodine in organo-clays and organo-soils. Radiochim Acta 51 39-143... 

Boyd SA, Jaynes WF (1994) Role of layer charge in organic contaminant sorption by organo-clays. In Mermut AR (ed) Layer charge characteristics of 2 1 silicate clay minerals. CMS Workshop Lecture Series, vol 6, The Clay Minerals Society, Boulder, CO, pp 48-77... 

Boyd SA, Shaobai S, Lee JF, Mortland MM (1988b) Pentachlorophenol sorption by organo-clays. Clays Clay Miner 36 125-130... 

Cowan CT, White D (1962) Adsorption by organo-clay complexes. Clays Clay Miner 9 459-467... 

Jaynes WF, Vance GF (1996) BTEX sorption by organo-clays cosorptive enhancement and equivalence of interlayer complexes. Soil Sci Soc Am J 60 1742-1749... 

Street GB, White D (1963) Adsorption by organo-clay derivatives. J Appl Chem 13 288-291... 

Fig. 1.7 Representative EDS spectra of Na-montmoriUonite. Cu peaks arise from the TEM grid. Reprinted with permission from Yaron-Marcovich D, Chen Y, Nir S, Prost R (2005) High resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM) structural studies of organo-clay nanocomposites. Environ Sci Technol 39 1231-1239. Copyright 2005 American Chemical Society...

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