Sodiums aluminum halides

E.C. Ashby, R.D. Schwartz, B.D. James, Concerning the preparation of magnesium aluminum hydride. A study of the reactions of lithium and sodium aluminum hydrides with magnesium halides in ether solvents , Inorg. Chem. 9 (1970) 325-332. 

Silica is reduced to silicon at 1300—1400°C by hydrogen, carbon, and a variety of metallic elements. Gaseous silicon monoxide is also formed. At pressures of >40 MPa (400 atm), in the presence of aluminum and aluminum halides, silica can be converted to silane in high yields by reaction with hydrogen (15). Silicon itself is not hydrogenated under these conditions. The formation of silicon by reduction of silica with carbon is important in the technical preparation of the element and its alloys and in the preparation of silicon carbide in the electric furnace. Reduction with lithium and sodium occurs at 200—250°C, with the formation of metal oxide and silicate. At 800—900°C, silica is reduced by calcium, magnesium, and aluminum. Other metals reported to reduce silica to the element include manganese, iron, niobium, uranium, lanthanum, cerium, and neodymium (16). 

In addition to the facile aluminum halide and sulfuric acid catalyzed rearrangement routes to noradamantane and substituted noradamantanes discussed above (see Eq. (11) and Scheme 8), a variety of ring closure reactions have also been employed for the preparation of these systems. The most useful reaction for this purpose involves a transannular ring closure of the bicyclo [3.3.1 Jnonyl system. Thus, 7-methyl-3-noradamantanol is obtained 12°) from the treatment of 3-keto-7-methylenebicyclo[3.3.1 jnonane 121) with sodium in moist ether (Eq. (36)). 

Structure formation of nitrides synthesized in the SHS-Az systems is investigated. During the combustion process, the use of SHS-Az systems sodium azide-halide of azotized element in some cases allowed to get nanostruc-tured powders of titanium, borium, silicium, aluminum nitrides with particles of nanofibrous structure with fiber diameter of 50-100nm and nanocrys-talline structure with crystal average-sized of 100-200 nm. 

A great range of Ziegler-Natta catalysts has been developed, and all consist of at least two components. Usually, a trialkylaluminum compound is involved, but alkyl aluminum halides, alkyl sodiums, and dialkyl zincs have also been used. The second component is typified by TiCh or TiCls, although other transition metal compounds have been used. Other additives (a third component) have included NaF, amines, and HMPA. These catalysts are not especially well-defined or well characterized chemical entities. They are empirically obtained mixtures that produce desirable results. We return to this issue below. 

One of the ways to dispose of chemicals that are reactive with water is hydrolysis, that is, the reaction with water under controlled conditions. Inorganic chemicals that can be treated by hydrolysis include metals that react with water metal carbides, hydrides, amides, alkoxides, and halides and nonmetal oxyhalides and sulfides. An example of a waste chemical treated by hydrolysis is the reaction with water of sodium aluminum hydride (used as a reducing agent in organic chemical reactions) ... 

Alkyl azides prepared by nucleophilic substitution of alkyl halides by sodium azide as shown m the first entry of Table 22 3 are reduced to alkylammes by a variety of reagents including lithium aluminum hydride... 

Methyl-4-hydroxyquinazoline reacts with organic halides, in the presence of sodium methoxide, to give 3-substituted 2-methyl-4(3i/)-quinazolinones. The 0-acetyl derivative of 4-hydroxyquinazoline has been prepared under anhydrous conditions and gives the hydroxy compound with water or with lithium aluminum hydride. The N-3 acetyl derivative, however, is more stable and gives 3-methyl-4(31/)-quinazolinone with lithium aluminum hydride. ... 

The elucidation of the factors determining the relative stability of alternative crystalline structures of a substance would be of the greatest significance in the development of the theory of the solid state. Why, for example, do some of the alkali halides crystallize with the sodium chloride structure and some with the cesium chloride structure Why does titanium dioxide under different conditions assume the different structures of rutile, brookite and anatase Why does aluminum fluosilicate, AljSiCV F2, crystallize with the structure of topaz and not with some other structure These questions are answered formally by the statement that in each case the structure with the minimum free energy is stable. This answer, however, is not satisfying what is desired in our atomistic and quantum theoretical era is the explanation of this minimum free energy in terms of atoms or ions and their properties. 

A number of reagents containing oxide components are used in zeolite manufacture [19]. Silica is provided by addihon of sodium or other alkali silicate solutions, precipitated, colloidal, or fumed silica, or tetraalkylorthosihcate (alkyl = methyl, ethyl) and certain mineral silicates such as clays and kaolin. Alumina is provided as sodium aluminate, aluminum sulfate soluhon, hydrous aluminum oxides such as pseudo boehmite, aluminum nitrate, or aluminum alkoxides. Additional alkali is added as hydroxide or as halide salts, while organic amines and/or... 

The difference in the reactivity of benzylic versus aromatic halogens makes it possible to reduce the former ones preferentially. Lithium aluminum hydride replaced only the benzylic bromine by hydrogen in 2-bromomethyl-3-chloro-naphthalene (yield 75%) [540]. Sodium borohydride in diglyme reduces, as a rule, benzylic halides but not aromatic halides (except for some iodo derivatives) [505, 541]. Lithium aluminum hydride hydrogenolyzes benzyl halides and aryl bromides and iodides. Aryl chlorides and especially fluorides are quite resistant [540,542], However, in polyfluorinated aromatics, because of the very low electron density of the ring, even fluorine was replaced by hydrogen using lithium aluminum hydride [543]. 

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