Sodium perborate, and

Precipitate formation can occur upon contact of iajection water ions and counterions ia formation fluids. Soflds initially preseat ia the iajectioa fluid, bacterial corrosioa products, and corrosion products from metal surfaces ia the iajectioa system can all reduce near-weUbore permeability. Injectivity may also be reduced by bacterial slime that can grow on polymer deposits left ia the wellbore and adjacent rock. Strong oxidising agents such as hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate, and occasionally sodium hypochlorite can be used to remove these bacterial deposits (16—18). 

Coupling of Ji-aminoacetanilide to 4,4 -bis(acetamido)azobenzene using sodium perborate and boric add, 40,19... 

The objective of this work Is to establish a reaction mechanism between sodium perborate and several organophosphorus esters. By analogy we can then describe Its probable effects upon other phosphorus-based Insecticides. We conclude that the reactivity of sodium perborate toward five model compounds Is attributable to the nucleophilic reactions of hydroperoxyl anion, HO2 , produced by perborate dissociation In water. On this basis we predict that sodium perborate solutions will be effective chemical detoxicants for phosphorus ester Insecticides. 

Peroxyacetic acid generated in situ from sodium perborate and glacial acetic acid has been used for oxime to nitro group conversion. Peroxyimidic acid generated from acetonitrile and hydrogen peroxide has found similar use. An Mo(IV) peroxy complex has been reported for the oxidation of both ketoximes and aldoximes. 

Redox titration is used in pharmacopoeia assays of ferrous salts, hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate and benzoyl peroxide by titration with KMn04. In the case of KMn04 titrations the end-point may be detected when the purple colour of the permanganate persists. 

Beccs Chemical Div, Food Machinery Chemi cal Carp, Buffalo 7,NY, manufacturers of hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, urea peroxide ahd several other peroxides as well as sodium perborate and other chemicals used in propints expis... 

The ability of other peracids28, sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate29, to release oxidative species in an organic medium has made them useful reagents in organic synthesis. The oldest organic reaction reported with sodium perborate concerns the formation of peracids (equation 5). 

The best known member among the various classes of these iodanes is undoubtedly [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene (HTIB), sometimes called Koser s reagent. It is prepared readily from (diacetoxyiodo)benzene and p-toluenesul-fonic acid monohydrate in acetonitrile. The same method using p-nitroben-zenesulfonic acid or 10-camphorsulfonic acid leads to the corresponding sul-fonyloxy analogs [41,42]. Of special interest are some iodanes of this type coming from a chiral ether. Their preparation was effected by direct oxidation with sodium perborate and the isolated diacetoxy derivatives were separately treated with p-toluenesulfonic acid in acetonitrile (Scheme 8) [43]. 

To 50 cc. of water, add 1 cc. of KI solution and 1 cc. of starch emulsion. Note absence of blue color. To half of this starch-iodide solution, add a few crystals of sodium perborate and then a drop or two of acetic acid until a blue color appears. To the other half of the starch-iodide, add a few drops of hydrogen peroxide and note a blue color which disappears when a drop or two of 6 N NaOH is added. Write equations and compare the action of sodium perborate and hydrogen peroxide. 

Many heterocyclic bases can be oxidized to A-oxides with sodium perborate and acetic acid in the absence of metal catalysts.352 Use of a smaller excess of oxidant leads to diazo compounds.353 Aliphatic amines can be converted to nitroso products. Sodium perborate/acetic acid systems can also cleave hydra-zones, regenerating carbonyl compounds which have been protected by hydrazine formation.354... 

Oxidizing agents such as sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate have also been used in cleaning contact lenses. None of these products are currently marketed for that purpose in the United States. Products marketed earlier were withdrawn because of their deleterious effects on lens polymers. 

The world capacity for sodium carbonate perhydrate is about 20% of that of sodium perborate, both products being alternately produced in some plants. About 40% of the hydrogen peroxide production of Western Europe is utilized in the production of sodium perborate and sodium carbonate perhydrate. 

Hydrogen Peroxide, Sodium Perborate and Sodium Carbonate Perhydrate... 

In our experience pulverization of phthalic anhydride is tedious and we prefer crystallization, which provides material in a form suitable for ready reaction and which eliminates any phthalic acid, usually present in a sample taken from a previously opened bottle. The anhydride is boiled with a liberal quantity of benzene, and the hot solution is filtered from any undissolved phthalic acid and diluted with ligroin. A modification of a published method is as follows. A mixture of 66 g. of the crystallized anhydride, 92 g. of sodium perborate, and 280 ml. of water is stirred at 0° for 2 hrs., shaken with ether, and acidified with 120 ml. of ice-cold 30% sulfuric acid. Extraction is done as described above. 

Other reagents have been employed to oxidize aromatic aldehydes to arylformates these include peroxyacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acid , w-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (MCPBA) and organoperoxyseleninic acid. Sodium perborate and sodium carbonate have also been shown to be versatile activating reagents of hydrogen peroxide for similar transformations . 

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