Current Market

Important progress has also been made in the development of ceramic membranes, for which the German company HITK has brought a silylated Ti02-mem-brane to the market, able, for example, to separate homogeneous catalysts from toluene at high fluxes. 

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Na.tura.1 Ga.s Reserves. U.S. natural gas reserves could support a significant methanol fuel program. 1990 proved, ie, well characterized amounts with access to markets and producible at current market conditions U.S. resources are 4.8 trillion cubic meters... 

Gentamicin is off patent, and is currently marketed by several companies. 

Plast. Technol 37 (Dec. current market price estimates, 1991). 

Although ethereal solutions of methyl lithium may be prepared by the reaction of lithium wire with either methyl iodide or methyl bromide in ether solution, the molar equivalent of lithium iodide or lithium bromide formed in these reactions remains in solution and forms, in part, a complex with the methyllithium. Certain of the ethereal solutions of methyl 1ithium currently marketed by several suppliers including Alfa Products, Morton/Thiokol, Inc., Aldrich Chemical Company, and Lithium Corporation of America, Inc., have been prepared from methyl bromide and contain a full molar equivalent of lithium bromide. In several applications such as the use of methyllithium to prepare lithium dimethyl cuprate or the use of methyllithium in 1,2-dimethyoxyethane to prepare lithium enolates from enol acetates or triraethyl silyl enol ethers, the presence of this lithium salt interferes with the titration and use of methyllithium. There is also evidence which indicates that the stereochemistry observed during addition of methyllithium to carbonyl compounds may be influenced significantly by the presence of a lithium salt in the reaction solution. For these reasons it is often desirable to have ethereal solutions... 

Polymers of a-methylstyrene have been marketed for various purposes but have not become of importance for mouldings and extrusions. On the other hand copolymers containing a-methylstyrene are currently marketed. Styrene-a -methylstyrene polymers are transparent, water-white materials with BS softening points of 104-106°C (c.f. 100°C for normal polystyrenes). These materials have melt viscosities slightly higher than that of heat-resistant polystyrene homopolymer. 

This shows the number of years earnings represented by the current market price. It evidences the Stock Market s assessment of the company s ability to maintain or increase earnings. A low P/E ratio will normally indicate a high-risk business, a high ratio a company with potential for growth. 

There are currently marketed four naturally derived statins (lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, and rosuvas-tatin) and two synthetic statins (atorvastatin and fluvas-tatin). The structure of these statins is shown in Fig. 2. 

W-h/kg (LiCF)], and a volume density of 10 W-h/in. , the battery is currently marketed by Matsushita in six different capacities. The most popular of these, the BR-435, is a cylindrical cell 4 mm in diameter by 30 mm long 4 million of these cells were produced in 1977 (B31). 

The two selective GABA j receptor agonists currently marketed in the United States, zaleplon and Zolpidem, are a pyrazolopyrimidine and a imidaz-opyridine, respectively. Both of these drugs are approved only for the shortterm treatment of insomnia. 

Benzodiazepines have a low risk for abuse in anxiety disorder patients without a history of alcohol or other substance abuse. Among the benzodiazepines there may be a spectrum of abuse liability, with drugs that serve as prodrugs for desmethyldiazepam (e.g., clorazepate), slow-onset agents (e.g., oxazepam), and partial agonists (e.g., abecarnil) having the least potential for abuse. However, there is no currently marketed benzodiazepine or related drug that is free of potential for abuse. 

Within this chapter we provide an assessment of the rationale behind the adoption of an ELN system, an overview of the current market for such systems, and the typical uses and key benefits for drug discovery to be derived from a successful implementation. 

Currently market pull for these new products is not a significant driver in most instances. 

Clinical trial evidence supports many NSAID medications in the acute treatment of migraines with and without aura.30 The currently marketed cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective... 

Figure 5 shows examples of two dry powder inhalers, the Turbuhaler and the Diskus, currently marketed in the United States for the delivery of the steroids, budesonide and fluticosone, respectively. Table 6 shows the major elements of a number of passive dry powder inhalers. In addition to the commercially available passive inhalation products, a number of active dispersion systems are under development the key characteristics of selected devices are shown in Table 7. 

As discussed above, the value of P used above will be less than the value listed on the stock exchange. It is equal to the amount received per share minus the cost per share of issuing and selling the stock. P is usually about 80% of the current market value. In general, for the chemical industry the dividends are about 3% of the market price of the stock. Chemical Week lists the dividends paid in each issue. 

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