Sodium azide, and potassium

Bowman and co-workers synthesized 2-azido-2-nitropropane by treating the sodium salt of 2-nitropropane with a mixture of sodium azide and potassium ferricyanide. Olah and co-workers used the same methodology for the synthesis of alicyclic gem-azidonitroalkanes from secondary nitroalkanes. Isomeric azidonitronorbornanes (38) and (39) were synthesized from 2,5-dinitronorbornane (37). Some of the gem-azidonitroalkanes synthesized during this work have poor chemical and thermal stability. 

Sodium azide and potassium azide have a broad range of biocidal action, possessing, besides herbicidal activity, fungicidal, bactericidal, nematocidal and insecticidal activity. 

CommerciaUy, the compound is made from sodium azide by metathesis with potassium salts and separated from the solution on the basis of differential solubiUties. Thus sodium azide and potassium carbonate, when mixed in suitable concentrations, yield potassium azide upon cooling [106] ... 

Genetics and Biochemistry. Early studies with purified SG-1 spores (80) showed that Mn(II) oxidation by the spores was inhibited by heat or various inhibitors, including mercuric chloride, sodium azide, and potassium cyanide. This work was... 

By applying the principles discussed in Section 5.4, you can calculate that for every liter of nitrogen (at 50°C and 1.25 atm) generated by Reaction 1, about 2.0 g of sodium azide and 0.63 g of potassium nitrate are required. This means that to inflate a 15-L airbag, the gas generator should contain at least 30 g of NaN3 and 10 g of KN03. 

Impact sensitivities of mixtures of red phosphorus with various oxidants were determined in a direct drop-ball method, which indicated higher sensitivities than those determined with an indirect striker mechanism. Mixtures with silver chlorate were most sensitive, those with bromates, chlorates and chlorites were extremely sensitive, and mixtures with sodium peroxide and potassium superoxide were more sensitive than those with barium, calcium, magnesium, strontium or zinc peroxides. Mixtures with perchlorates or iodates had sensitivities comparable to those of unmixed explosives, such as lead azide, 3,5-dinitrobenzenediazonium-2-oxide etc. 

According to Jacobs and Tompkins [22] in the reflection spectrum sodium azide and barium azide give a band with the maximum in the vicinity of 240 nyi and 202 m/i respectively. Evans and Yoffe [23] found a value of 248 mfi for potassium... 

Chlorodifluoroamine has been prepared by reaction of difluoro-amine with boron trichloride,1 phosgene (carbonyl chloride),2 or hydrogen chloride 2 treating a mixture of sodium azide and sodium chloride with fluorine 3 reaction of chlorine trifluoride with ammonium fluoride 4 reaction of chlorine with diflu oro-amine in the presence of potassium fluoride 5 and photolysis of tetrafluorohydrazine and sulfinyl chloride (thionyl chloride).6... 

Sodium azide and other heavy metal azides are too dangerous to be handled by this procedure and should be treated as explosives. Sodium amide and potassium amide can be destroyed by standard procedures. Many other compounds in which nitrogen is linked to a metal should be disposed of as potential explosives. 

Acyl azides. These azides are prepared in almost quantitative yield by reaction of a carboxylic acid or the potassium salt with phcii/l dichlorophosphate, pyridine, sodium azide, and a catalytic amount of tetrabutylammonium bromide in CH,C1, at 25°. 

Generation of peroxynitrite by pulse radiolysis involves very tricky adjustments of concentrations of additives and many other experimental conditions. Radiolysis of aerated aqueous solutions containing sodium formate and potassium nitrite in the pH range 3 to 10 produced peroxynitrite according to Eqs. (21) to (23), (40), (41) and (11). For this, initial concentrations of nitrite and formate have to be adjusted in such a way that the radiolytically produced concentration of the radicals of [0 ] -l- [HOj] > NO. However, reactions of peroxynitrite with antioxidants are not generally studied by pulse radiolysis technique. Chemical methods such as ozonolysis of alkaline sodium azide solutions are commonly used to produce peroxynitrite in large quantities and its reactions studied by mixing techniques. 

Similarly, KN3 may be made on a smaU scale by mixing aqueous solutions of potassium hydroxide and sodium azide the potassium azide is precipitated with alcohol [107]. Other laboratory methods include the Wislicenus synthesis from potassium amide which may be conducted in a horizontal iron cylinder, 50 mm... 

Similarly, reaction of hydrazidoyl halides with sodium cyanate ( ), potassium selenocyanate and sodium azide has been reported. For example, decarboxylation occurs when the carboxylic acid derivative XLIV is treated with sodium azide, and the tetrazole derivative XLVI is isolated... 

The developed TLC plates were sprayed with different iodine-azide solutions as shown in Table 1. Generally, it can be stated that the sprayed reagents were prepared by mixing the two solutions sodium azide and iodine (in potassium iodide to dissolve iodine in water) ° (procedure 1). Sometimes starch solution was applied (procedure 2), and in another procedure the developed TLC plates were sprayed with sodium azide and starch solution and then exposed to iodine vapor ° (procedure 3). In the reversed-phase (RP) mode, sodium azide was incorporated into the mobile phase (procedure 4)1.32,34]... 

Reagent Solution of 1 g sodium azide and 1 g potassium iodide and a small crystal of iodine in 3 ml water. The reagent solution may be used warm, if desired. 

A niamber of reactions have been examined using these phase transfer catalytic species. These include displacement reactions of solid potassium phenoxide, solid sodium azide and aqueous sodium azide on racemic ethyl-2-bromopropionate in toluene (similar to reaction 5), sodium borohydride (solid) reductions of acetophenone and octan-2-one, chalcone epoxidations using aqueous H2O2/OH" (reaction 4) and Michael additions of nitromethane to chalcone in the presence of anhydrous potassium fluoride (reaction 3). Details of these results will be published in due course and at the moment it is possible to record only a few representative examples of the displacements and reductions. 

In 2012, Song Cao et al. devised a novel, one-pot, three-component approach for the synthesis of 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles 37 through the cycloaddition of a wide range of primary alcohols 36 with sodium azide and active methylene ketones 22 at 80 °C in the presence of Af-(p-toluenesulfonyl)imidazole (Tslm), tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAl), and triethylamine (TEA) in DMF/DMSO (Scheme 4.12) [15]. Potassium hydroxide was used as the base for inducing the cycloaddition. The mild reaction conditions, high yields, and one-pot reaction without the necessity to isolate the unstable and hazardous... 

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