Azides potassium

A solution of 65 to 70 g. of potassium hydroxide in 500 ml. of absolute ethyl alcohol is first prepared. The process of solution is extremely slow at room temperature and may be hastened by heating. The alcohol-insoluble contaminants are preferably allowed to settle in a tall cylinder, and the clear solution is decanted into a 1-1. round-bottomed flask fitted to a condenser by means of a groimd glass joint.J Sixty grams (1 mol) of technical 85 per cent hydrazine hydrate is added to the solution. The mixture is warmed slightly on a steam bath, and 15 g. of butyl nitrite is added to start the reaction. The flask with the attached condenser is then removed from the steam bath, and an additional quantity of 110 g. of butyl nitrite (total amount 125 g. or 1.2 mols) is added at such a rate that the solution 

Inorganic Syntheses, Volume II Edited by W Conard Femelius 1946 by McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. 

This product is sufficiently pure for most purposes (98.9 per cent KN3) but, if desired, may be purified by dissolving in water and reprecipitating by the addition of ethyl alcohol. An additional 6 to 8 g. of impure potassium azide may be obtained by evaporating the mother liquor to about 100 ml. and then cooling and filtering. 

The properties of the alkali and alkaline earth azides are discussed in Vol. 1 of tills series.  

Nabgbli and Vogt-Markus helv. Chim. Acta, 15, 60 (1932). 

CommerciaUy, the compound is made from sodium azide by metathesis with potassium salts and separated from the solution on the basis of differential solubiUties. Thus sodium azide and potassium carbonate, when mixed in suitable concentrations, yield potassium azide upon cooling [106]  

Similarly, KN3 may be made on a smaU scale by mixing aqueous solutions of potassium hydroxide and sodium azide the potassium azide is precipitated with alcohol [107]. Other laboratory methods include the Wislicenus synthesis from potassium amide which may be conducted in a horizontal iron cylinder, 50 mm 

Potassium azide has also been synthesized from hydrazine and alkyl nitrite (Thiele process), by neutralizing hydrazoic acid with potassium hydroxide or carbonate, or by reacting barium azide with potassium sulfate. The reactions are essentially the same as described under sodium azide. 

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Manganese dioxide Aluminum, hydrogen sulfide, oxidants, potassium azide, hydrogen peroxide, peroxosulfuric acid, sodium peroxide... 

Aluminium triazide Barium diazide Boron triazide Cadmium diazide Calcium diazide Chromyl azide Copper(l) azide Copper(ll) azide Lead(ll) azide Lead(IV) azide Lithium azide Lithium boroazide Mercury(l) azide Mercury(ll) azide Potassium azide Silicon tetraazide Silver azide... 

Potassium Nitride. See under Potassium Azide in Vol 1, A594-R to A596-R... 

It reacts violently when it is heated with aluminium. It causes hydrogen sulphide to combust. It decomposes hydroxylamine chiorohydrate, hydrogen peroxide (detonation) and potassium azide violently. 

Potassium azide explodes at 120°C when heated in liquid sulfur dioxide. 

Evaporation of a solution of hexachloroplatinic acid with a deficiency of potassium azide, or with an equivalence of ammonium azide gives explosive residues. Evaporation of a solution of the acid with an equivalence (8 mol) of potassium azide leads to explosion of the cone, solution of the title compound. 

Potassium azide Mellor, 1940, Vol. 8, 347 On gentle warming, interaction is violent. 

Several explosive species in which three or more azido groups are bonded to tellurium have been well characterized.59 The salt [Te(N3)3][SbF6] is formed from the reaction of Te4[SbF6]2 with potassium azide in liquid sulfur dioxide. The neutral binary tellurium azide Te(N3)4 is prepared by the reaction of TeF4 (in CFC13)60 or TeF6 (in CH3CN)61 with trimethylsilyl azide. 

A special, isotope-labeled case of the azide-tetrazole equilibrium was studied by Cmoch et al. <2000JP0480>, and the results are shown in Scheme 23. 2-Chloro-3-nitropyridine 86 was treated with potassium azide containing a doubly labeled (15NN15N) azide anion. The authors detected formation of two differently labeled tetrazolopyridines the 2,4- 87 and the 1,3-labeled 88 derivatives. 

Potassium acetate complex with dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6-polyether, 52, 71 Potassium amide, 52, 75 Potassium azide, 50, 10 Potassium tert-butoxide, 52,... 

Potassium azide [20762-60-1] Daphnla pulex EC50 (48-h) 0.88 Mayer and Ellersieck, 1986... 

Treatment of the alcohol ( ) with trifluoromethylsulfonic anhydride (triflic anhydride) at -78 C afforded the ester (1 ) which could be isolated and characterized. We knew from previous experience (2J that sulfonyl esters vicinal to an isopropylidene acetal are relatively stable. The triflate T,) reacted cleanly with potassium azide and 18-crown-6 in dichloromethane at room temperature. The crystalline product [68% overall from (1 )] was not the azide ( ) but the isomeric A -triazoline ( )- Clearly the initially formed azide (18) had undergone intramolecular 1,3-cyclo-addition to the double bond of the unsaturated ester (21- ). The stereochemistry of the triazoline (1 ), determined by proton nmr spectroscopy, showed that the reaction was stereospecific. There are several known examples of this reaction ( ), including one in the carbohydrate series ( ). When the triazoline was treated with sodium ethoxide ( ) the diazoester ( ) was rapidly formed by ring-opening and was isolated in 85% yield, Hydrogenolysis of the diazo group of (M) gave the required pyrrolidine ester ( ) (90%). 

At ordinary temperatures, potassium does not combine with nitrogen but with an electric charge, potassium azide is formed. 

Potassium Azide was claimed to be prepd by L.M. Dennis C.H Benedict, and in the same year by T. Curtius J. Rissom (Vol 1 of Encycl, p A595)... 

Preparation of alkyl azides The azide ion (N3 ), a good nucleophile, can displace leaving groups from 1° and 2° alkyl halides. Alkyl azides are easily prepared from sodium or potassium azides and alkyl halides. The reaction mechanism resemhles the formation of nitrile. 

Browne LundeIl(Ref 23) found pure anhyd HNj to have low electrical conductivity but the addn of potassium azide very greatly increased its conductivity. Hydrogen azide is sol in w, ale or eth and is itself a solvent for many substs as found by qual investigatiqns of McKinney (Ref 59). Vapors of HN, are considered dangerous (Refs 94,123,124 160) low concns produce eye irritation and headache, high concns affect the central nervous system and continued exposure may cause death (Refs 3,67,84,102,131 133). The gas, aq solns and its salts act as protoplasmic poisons (Refs 67,84,145 81151). Two cases of accidental poisoning have been reported (Refs 66,86)... 

Potassium azide was claimed to be first prepd in 1898 by Dennis Benedict (Ref lb) and in the same year by Curtius Rissom (Ref 2), both by methods involving evapn of a soln of KOH neutralized with a slight excess of hydrazoic acid, HN3. This same method of prepn was described in 1894 by Dennis (Ref la). Browne Houlehan (Ref 3) obtd KNS by reactg metallic K with NH4N3 in liq NHj. Other methods of prepn are described by Hoth Pyl (Ref 16), Moldenhauer MiSttig (Ref 17), Wattenburg(Ref 17a), Franklin (Ref 19), Audrieth et al (Refs 21,... 

Potassium azide can be used for the qualitative detection of thorium and for its quantitative detmn either alone or in the presence of other rare earths (Ref la)... 

Potassium azide reacts with iodine in the presence of carbon disulphide to form potassium iodide and nitrogen as the final products, but the reaction appears to proceed according to the following scheme 1... 

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