Smoke inhalation injuries

Baron-Marano, F.L. and M.C. Izard. 1968. Observation d anomalies ultrastructurales dans la descendance d algues traitees par l acroleine. Compt. Rend. Hebdom. Sean. Acad. Sci. D, Sci. Natur. 267 2137-2139. Barrow, R.E., C-Z. Wang, R.A. Cox, and M.J. Evans. 1992. Cellular sequence of tracheal repair in sheep after smoke inhalation injury. Lung 170 331-338. 

Second- or third-degree burns greater than 10%-20% TBSA or patients with significant smoke inhalation injury will require fluid resuscitation. Peripheral IV catheters can be used, but placement of a central venous catheter is optimal. An indwelling urine catheter should be placed so that output measures can he used to monitor the status of fluid resuscitation. 

Meyer, G.W., Hart, G.B., and Strauss, M.B., Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for acute smoke inhalation injuries. Postgrad. Med., 89, 221-223, 1991. 

Cox, C.S., Zwischenberger, J.B., Traber, L.D., Traber, D.L., and Herndon, D.N. 1991. Use of an intravascular oxygenator/carbon dioxide removal device in an ovine smoke inhalation injury model. ASAIO Tram. 37(3) M411-13. 

Dust particles inhaled in tobacco smoke, together with bronchial mucus, must be removed from the airways by the ciliated epithelium. Ciliary activity, however, is depressed by tobacco smoke mucociliary transport is impaired. This depression favors bacterial infection and contributes to the chronic bronchitis associated with regular smoking. Chronic injury to the bronchial mucosa could be an important causative factor in increasing the risk in smokers of death from bronchial carcinoma. 

Brain Injury (concussion) Smoke Inhalation Altered Mental Status / Coma ... 

Loh, C.-H., Chang, Y.-W., Lion, S.-H., Chang, J.-H., and Chen, H.-L, Case report hexachloroethane smoke inhalation a rare cause of severe hepatic injuries. Environ. Health Perspect., 114, 763-765, 2006. Macaulay, M.B. and Mant, A.K., Smoke-bomb poisoning. A fatal case following the inhalation of zinc chloride... 

Laffon M, Pittet JF, Modelska K, Matthay MA, Young DM. Interleukin-8 mediates injury from smoke inhalation to both the lung endothelial and the alveolar epithelial barriers in rabbits. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999 160 1443-1449. 

Additional injury that occurs in bums includes smoke and inhalation injury. Numerous consequences are associated with bum injury. The degree of injury and impact of the bum will be higher for children than for adults with the same percentage of body surface area burned (Fig. 11-1). Since children have more fluid content in the body, fluid loss is more critical. In addition, respiratory airways are smaller in children than in adults, and therefore airway blockage is a higher risk. 

Hyperbaric oxygenation may also be used to treat other abnormal conditions or injuries, such as certain heart disorders, carbon monoxide poisoning, crush injuries, certain hard-to-treat bone infections, smoke inhalation, near-drowning, asphyxia, and bums. 

The last two damage states differentiate equipment hazards and personnel hazards. In this case, the first indicates that critical hardware damage has occurred, but there were no injuries to operators. The second illustrates the same hardware damage but with 10 operators injured. An example of the latter is that the damage state was a fire and 10 workers suffered from smoke inhalation. 

Probably one of the commonest causes of toxic pneumonitis is smoke inhalation caused by domestic, industrial or other fires. Respiratory morbidity is often the major complication in burn victims. It maybe caused by direct thermal injury (particularly if hot vapours have been inhaled), but more generally the lesions are caused by chemical injury (Lore 2000). The composition of smoke is highly complex and variable, depending on the materials that are involved and the stages of the fire. The toxic components of smoke are numerous and involve gaseous asphyxiants (CO, HCN) and irritants, as well as particulates. Of particular concern are conditions... 

Moores HK, Janigan DT, Hajela RP. Lung injury after experimental smoke inhalation particle associate changes in alveolar macrophages. Toxicol Pathol 1993 21 521 527. 

A. Of course it depends on the dose, but it can be unbelievably strong Dangerously so . Since very little smoke is produced with this technique, it is possible to inhale a very large dose with very little effort. At large doses, one may temporarily loose all awareness of who one is, where one is or what one is doing. Falls, fires, injuries etc. can easily occur. If you will be vaporizing it is ABSOLUTELY ESSENTIAL that a sitter be present to protect you from injury. 

Their injuries were inhalation bums, presumably caused by breathing in the hot smoke produced by the burning of the toy fireworks. In view of the observed increase of carboxyhemoglobin observed in their blood, inhalation of carbon monoxide also probably occurred. The appearance of soot on forcibly exhaling suggested the inhalation of a considerable amount of smoke as well. 

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