Skin, hazards

Level D is basically a work uniform. It provides no respiratory protection and minimal skin protection, and it should NOT be worn on any site where respiratory or skin hazards exist. 

Beta Particle - An electron emitted from a nucleus during a radioactive decay. Beta radiation is a skin hazard in addition to being an internal hazard. 

Level D should be worn only as a work uniform and not on any site with respiratory or skin hazards. It provides no protection against chemical hazards. 

The type and atmospheric concentration of toxic substances has been identified and requires a high level of respiratory protection, but less skin protection than Level A. Typically, these would be atmospheres with IDLH concentrations, but the substance or its concentration does not represent a severe skin hazard or the atmosphere does not meet the selection criteria permitting the use of air-purifying respirators. 

Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) 3400 mg/kg mod. toxic by ing. irritating to skin Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses Synthetic flavoring agent in foods and pharmaceuticals cosmetics ingred. 

Toxicology Dust or mists might be irritating can probably cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea probably not absorbed through skin Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp. ( 225C) emits oxides of sulfur, CO, CO2, bromides... 

In many countries, compounds that present a skin hazard are identified by a skin denotation (or Sk notation) in the list of occupational exposure limits (OELs). The purpose of this is to draw attention to substances that can penetrate intact skin and contribute to total systemic exposure. 

Williamson DM (1981) Skin hazards in mining. Br J Dermatol i05[Suppl 2i] 4i-44... 

Dye substances for example, lead chromate. They are usually in an insoluble hexavalent form and, thus, not relevant as a skin hazard. Chromium oxide, a trivalent form, is used in artists paints and ceramics. 

Tosti A, Guerra L, Vincenzi C, Peluso AM (1993) Occupational skin hazards from synthetic plastics. Toxicol Ind Health 9 493-502... 

The reports on allergic contact eczema are few in number despite the extensive use of PU chemicals in manufacturing processes and other applications. The rigorous rules that workers have to follow when working with PUs to minimize the hazardous effects of isocyanates on the respiratory tract have probably decreased the amount of all kinds of skin hazards (Bjorkner 1992). 

Table 3. Other skin hazards, allergens and irritants in the electronics industry...

Chemists perform chemical tests and qualitative and quantitative analyses, conduct experiments for quality or process control, and develop new products and produce new knowledge. Nearly every industry employs chemists. Exposure to only a single chemical is exceptional. Because of the diversity and large number of skin-hazardous chemicals to which chemists may be exposed, it is impossible to give a comprehensive list of such chemicals, but it may be quite similar to that of laboratory technicians (see Chap. 147, Laboratory Technicians), Chemists are usually quite aware of the hazardous properties of chemical substances and the precautions necessary to ensure their safe use. Regrettably, chemists who habitually handle dangerous substances may become inclined to disregard the hazards associated with them (Muir 1977). 

As in any other case of possibly work-related contact dermatitis, the dermatologist s most important task is to take a thorough history, because skin hazards in various workplaces are quite different. Dermatitis in stonemasons is rarely seen, because of the few workers in this field. In North Bavaria, there are 3300 stonemasons (compared with nearly two million employees). 

Sodium hydroxide may be harmful if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through skin. Hazards Corrosive. Handle with safety glasses and gloves. 

Class IV lasers are high-power lasers (cw 500 mW or the diffuse reflection limit) and are hazardous to view under any condition (directly or diffusely scattered), and are a potential fire hazard and a skin hazard. Significant controls are required of Class IV laser facilities. 

The list drawn up should take into account aU the labeling data which take the skin hazard... 

Skin Hazards, The effects of laser radiation on the skin may vary from mild reddening (erythema), to blistering and charring, depending on the amount of energy absorbed, the wavelengths of the radiation, skin pigmentation, individual sensitivity, and duration of exposure. 

Class 4 lasers are the most hazardous, and can be fire or skin hazards as well as eye hazards (including reflective hazards) if not controlled. There are very stringent requirements for Class 4 lasers and you should be aware of these risks if you are working in an area where they are used. 

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