Sites access gates

Traffic routes and loading and storage areas need to be well designed with enforced speed limits (a maximum of 10 mph is the limit on most sites), good visibility and the separation of vehicles and pedestrians being considered. The use of one way systems and separate site access gates for vehicles and pedestrians may be required. Finally, the safety of members of the public... 

Water present in the catalytic systems shows versatile effects on reaction rates. Heath and Gates found the induction period in the dehydration of t-butyl alcohol and also noted that water addition reduced the induction time. This effect of water was attributed to the swelling of the resin network. The swelling reduces intraparticle resistance to mass transport, and makes an increasing fraction of the catalytic sites accessible to the reactant. Though water accelerated the reaction initially, it also inhibited the reaction. The retardation with water was observed also in estrification of salicic acid with methanol and benzene propylation. The retarding effect of water was explained by a kinetic expression based on the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, in which the competitive chemisorption of water and a reactant (alcohol or acid) is assumed. 

For each of the criteria a two-star rating difference between an activity and an adjacent activity is taken to indicate incompatibility. Activities that are hazardous, dirty, noisy or needing good access to the entry/exit gate are consequently rated with many stars. In the site layout they should not be located near other activities with fewer stars because they could adversely affect that activity. However, an activity that is not critical and has a low star rating may be located next to an activity with many stars. 

Perimeter fencing may enhance the security of any premises. Not only does the fence present an obstacle for intruders to overcome but also it establishes the principle of defensible space and constitutes a psychological barrier to access. A perimeter fence, when supplemented by gates, traffic barriers and gatehouses (manned by security personnel or some other system of access control), allows the site operator to have control and supervision over all vehicles and pedestrians entering and leaving the site. 

A prerequisite for this model is the existence of both external and internal gates, i.e., protein domains that are capable of occluding access to the substrate binding site from the extracellular and intracellular environment, respectively. Little is known about such domains in this family of transporters. The molecular mechanisms governing the cooperative function of the putative gating domains also remain unknown. It could be predicted, however, that stabilization of the transporter in the outward-facing conformation in the absence of substrate but in the presence of Na+ requires a network of con-... 

Figure 7. Outline of the current concepts in cation transport by the Na+-K+-pump. Three Na+ and two K+ are thought to be transported consecutively by protein sites containing two negative carboxylate groups. The ions become occluded during the transport process by the simultaneous closure of cytoplasmic and extracytoplasmic gates. A low conductance access channel connects the sites to the extracytoplasmic surface, resulting in an ion well with voltage sensitivity of extracytoplasmic ion binding and dissociation. Reproduced with permission from Glynn, 1993.

Instead of vice presidents and janitors, wild turkeys and deer wander through Merck s 1,000 acres of trees, lawns, ponds, and rolling hills. The access road takes its time winding up the hill from Route 523 to the security gate. Inside the main building—the site also includes a smaller outpost, called the cup — Whitehouse has the serenity of a monastery and the luxury of a presidential suite. It is built around a five-story central atrium, with hand-woven tapestries mounted on the walls from countries where Merck has had some presence. The dark wood of the banisters and furniture is smooth and thick. No expense was apparently spared Fleming says that the trees that had to be removed to build... 

Other obvious steps are ensuring that gates are locked and well lit, and that outsiders are not permitted on site, or into sensitive areas. I often test security awareness by trying to gain access to control rooms, Sem says. In some cases, until staff have been adequately sensitized and trained, I have been allowed to walk in without question. ... 

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