Simulation exercises

An Excel spreadsheet (EXAMPFE 13-1.xls) was developed to determine Rj for given values of Rj SUFy, and otlier required parameters. The results of the simulation exercise are shown in Table 13-6. 

Beare. H. N. et al., Criteria for Safety-Related NPP Operator Actions iniii.i BWR Simulator Exercises, November 1982. 

Preparedness periodic simulation exercises no drills/simulation of scenarios... 

Equations 5-118, 5-120, 5-121, and 5-122 are first order differential equations. A simulation exercise on the above equations using the Runge-Kutta fourth order method, can determine the number of moles with time increment h = At = 0.2 hr for 2 hours. Computer program BATCH58 evaluates the number of moles of each component as a function of time. Table 5-7 gives the results of the simulation, and Figure 5-17 shows the plots of the concentrations versus time. 

Table 13-8 shows the results of the simulation exercise for R2 (L/D2) at varying number of zones. When nz2 = 1, the value of R2 is quite high, which relates to a taller reactor with smaller size. Correspondingly,... 

Simulation exercise impact of the use of labels and SDS s, and of symbols and signal words on labels on safe chemical practices... 

To assess safety practices in relation to a simulated exercise in which a chemical is handled. 

Sample sizes for the sub-studies have been calculated based on a two-sided alpha error of 0.1 and a power of 0.8, but have also been tempered by considerations of logistical feasibility. Preliminary piloting of the instrument confirms these estimates. In particular, the simulation exercise has been considered relatively selectively for a smaller number of subjects and target groups, largely because of anticipated logistical constraints. 

A range of sampling strategies for this type of situation is the subject of a simulation exercise on the internet which can be found at http lletd.pnl.gov 2080lDQOlsimsitelhome.htm. 

Table 3-17 gives the Reynolds number, friction factor, and pressure drop of catalyst pellets of 0.25 inch and at different particle length. Table 3-18 shows a typical input data and computer output with PL = 0.25 inch. The simulation exercise gives a pressure drop of 68.603 Ib/in. The results show that the pressure drop in a packed bed depends on size and shape of the particles. 

The implications of the disparity between empirical and nominal significance levels of the likelihood ratio test in mixed effects modeling and simulation are clear however, definitive solutions or corrections are not. While the significance of random effects is not generally the subject of interest in a simulation, the bias in hkelihood ratio test-determined p value for fixed effects could be very influential on trial simulation findings. Thus, simulation exercises should provide for determination of empirical p values to avoid faulty conclusions about power and sample size. 

EXECUTION OF THE SIMULATION EXERCISE 34.2.1 Simulation Project Evaluation... 

Gerlach, R. W., Currie, L. A., and Lewis, C. W. (1983) Review of the Quail Roost II receptor model simulation exercise, in Receptor Models Applied to Contemporary Pollution Problems, S. L. Dattner and P. K. Hopke, eds., Air Pollution Control Association, Pittsburgh, PA, pp. 96-109. 

A simulation exercise can show the distillation column has more effect on the response than the reactor, because of higher order dynamics. Modifications on reactor, as increasing the kinetics and simultaneously reducing the volume, will improve only... 

For animal fluids, amino add and protein binding appear to dominate for the trace elements. However, for Ca " and Mg citrate binding may well occur. A computer simulation exercise on blood plasma (further details in Section 22.3) suggests approximately 5% of these metal ions are in the form of dtrate complexes. The same exerdse indicates that any Fe" present would be totally bound in anionic citrate species. Interestingly the greater zinc nutritional value of human milk as opposed to bovine milk is related to zinc being present as labile citrate complexes in the former but as a tightly bound protein complex in the latter. ... 

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