Signal words

As you practice sentence completions, you may discover signal words and phrases—clues that help you choose the correct answer. Here are common signal words and an example for each kind of question ... 

Signal words and phrases help you identify the logical relationship between the complete unit(s) of the sentence and the incomplete unit(s). 

Toxicology category Signal word Oral LDS0 (mg/kg) Dermal LDS0 (mg/kg) Inhalation LCin (mg/L) Eye irritation Skin irritation... 

Triazine technical" Eye irritation Skin irritation Oral LDS0 mg/kg Dermal LDS0 mg/kg Inhalation LCS mg/L Signal word... 

There will be a signal word. From most to least potentially dangerous, this word will be "Danger " "Warning " or "Caution."... 

Statements of hazard (e.g., "Flammable", "May Cause Irritation") follow the signal word. Target organs may be specified. 

Signal word(s) - to warn the consumer of a potential hazard... 

The selection of the signal word is determined by the schedule into which the product falls. The list of signal words is shown in Table 8.4. 

Table 8.4 Signal word statements used for chemicals in consumer products...

Table 5.5 Signal Words and Their Potential Hazards...

Signal word, for instance Warning - there are three levels (Warning, Danger, No signal word)... 

Notice how the signal words listed on the previous page are used in the following paragraph. Underline the signal words as you come across them. 

Use appropriate signal words to indicate the degree of hazard as DANGER (most serious hazard), WARNING (moderate hazard), or CAUTION (lesser degree of hazard). 

The signal words "DANGER POISON" and the skull and crossbones symbol are all in red. 

Signal words can be found on the product label. See Chapter 5, Table 5.1, for toxicity categories and their respective signal words. 

Table 5.2 shows how signal words can be used to select the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) for different toxicity categories. In aU cases follow label instructions. 

Discard coveralls and other absorbent materials that are heavily contaminated with undiluted pesticide having a DANGER or WARNING signal word. 

Usually, the label will not give specific information on the pesticide s toxicity to humans. It must, however, indicate the pesticide s relative toxicity. It does so by using signal words that are established by law that identify the toxicity category to which the product is assigned. Signal words must appear in large letters on the label s front panel. 

The statements that immediately follow the signal word, either on the front or side of the pesticide label, indicate which route or routes of entry into the body (mouth, skin, lungs, eyes) you must particularly protect. Many pesticide products are hazardous by more than one route, so study these statements carefully. DANGER-POISON followed by "May be fatal if swallowed or inhaled" gives a far different warning than "DANGER CORROSIVE—causes eye damage and severe skin bums."... 

Figure 5.2 Toxicity increases as signal word progresses from caution to danger. Signal words are required on all labels and labeling.

All pesticide labels must contain "signal words in bold print, to attraa the attention of the buyer/user of the product." The use of these signal words is mandated by EPA regulations. 

All pesticide products meeting the criteria of toxicity category II shall bear on the front panel the signal word WARNING. 

As an aid to those unfamiliar with signal words and toxicity values the EPA has published Figure 5.2 and the following table. 

Table 5.1 EPA toxicity categories by hazard indicator (signal words)...

Table 5.2 The use of signal words to select the appropriate PPE depending on the relative toxicity of the formulation. 

Read the label. The formulation, signal word, precautionary statements, personal protective equipment statements, the application method, and projected length of exposure indicate the personal protective equipment you need. 

Dual is a product with the active ingredient metolachlor. It has a signal word caution and is therefore a slightly toxic to relatively nontoxic product. 

Some formulations may cause severe reversible eye irritation and have a signal word, Warning, on the label (ProShear). See Table 5.28 for a listing of commercial prodncts. 

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