Silver-coated surfaces

Aslan K, Holley P, Geddes CD (2006) Microwave-accelerated metal-enhanced fluorescence (MAMEF) with silver colloids in 96-well plates Application to ultra fast and sensitive immunoassays, high throughput screening and dmg discovery. J Immunol Methods 312 137-147 Matveeva E, Gryczynski Z, Malicka J et al (2004) Metal-enhanced fluorescence immunoassays using total internal reflection and silver-coated surfaces. Anal Biochem 334 303-311 Blue R, Kent N, Polerecky L (2005) Platform for enhanced detection efficiency in luminescent-based sensors. Electron Lett 41 682-684... 

The use of antimicrobial additives has been mentioned in section 12.7.2, but another route has also been investigated, the deposition of silver nanoparticles, under formaldehyde-radio frequency plasma conditions, onto food-grade silicone rubber. The bacteriocidal properties of the silver-coated surfaces were investigated by exposing them to Listeria monocytogenes, with no bacteria being detected after exposure times of 12 to 18 hours. 

ESCA, SEM, AFM and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, is described. The bactericidal properties of the silver-coated surfaces were investigated and the results are discussed. 14 refs. 

Other authors reported no microbicidal effect of silver. The survival of three bacterial species and C. albicans on a silver-impregnated polymer was not found to be influenced by the silver incorporation (Kampf et al., 1998). Using confocal laser scanning microscopy, Cook et al. (2000) observed that a silver-coated prosthetic heart valve sewing cuff was colonized by a higher number of bacteria S. epidermidis) than an uncoated cuff. McLean et al. (1993) reported that only a combination of silver and copper in multilayer surface films on catheter materials provided enhanced antimicrobial activity compared to uncoated or only silver-coated surfaces. 

Silver and palladium-silver are used as metallizations on electronic component terminations for soldering. Silver for many years has been added to tin (3.5 to 5.0% silver) and to tin-lead (1 to 3% silver) to improve tensile and creep strengths, and to minimize dissolution during soldering of silver-coated surfaces. Many lead-free solder alloys include a silver content of 3.0 to 4.0%. 

As in chemical sensitization, spectral sensitization is usually done after precipitation but before coating, and usually is achieved by adsorbing certain organic dyes to the silver haUde surfaces (47,48,212—229). Once the dye molecule is adsorbed to the crystal surface, the effects of electromagnetic radiation absorbed by the dye can be transferred to the crystal. As a result of this transfer, mobile electrons are produced in the conduction band of the silver haUde grain. Once in the conduction band, the electrons are available to initiate latent-image formation. 

Langmuir-Blodgett films (LB) and self assembled monolayers (SAM) deposited on metal surfaces have been studied by SERS spectroscopy in several investigations. For example, mono- and bilayers of phospholipids and cholesterol deposited on a rutile prism with a silver coating have been analyzed in contact with water. The study showed that in these models of biological membranes the second layer modified the fluidity of the first monolayer, and revealed the conformation of the polar head close to the silver [4.300]. 

Moreover, we have found temporal fluctuation in TERS spectra of an adenine nanocrystal when we left the silver-coated cantilever (operated in contact mode) on the surface of the nanocrystal for 600 s [27]. Figure 2.11a shows a waterfall plot of a... 

Goudonnet J.P., Begun G.M., Arakawa E.T., Surface-enhanced Raman-scattering on silver-coated Teflon sphere substrates, Chem. Phys. Lett. 1982 92 197-201. 

Alak A.M., Vo-Dinh T., Silver-coated famed silica as a substrate material for surface-enhanced Raman-scattering, Anal. Chem. 1989 61 656-660. 

Bello J.M., Stokes D.L., Vo-Dinh T., Silver-coated alumina as a new medium for surfaced-enhanced Raman-scattering analysis, Appl. Spectrosc. 1989 43 1325-1330. 

Lukomska J, Malicka J, Gryczynski I, Lakowicz JR (2004) Fluorescence enhancements on silver colloid coated surfaces. J Fluoresc 14 417 -23... 

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering using a silver-coated alumina support selectively enhanced the spectrum of p-aminobenzoic acid. This allowed the determination of this compound at low ppm levels in vitamin B complex354,355. 

It is also interesting to note that electroless plating of silver on carbon fiber surface improves the wettability between molten aluminum and PAN based carbon fibers using the liquid infiltration technique in vacuum (Warrier et al., 1993). This is attributed to the formation of an eutectic phase between silver and aluminum, and the silver coating of the fibers during processing. 

Figure 10.10 shows the experimental system of TE-CARS microscopy (Ichimura et al. 2004a). As similar to the TERS system (Hayazawa et al. 2000), the system mainly consists of an excitation laser, an inverted microscope, an AFM using a silver-coated probe, and a monochromator. Two mode-locked Ti sapphire lasers (pulse duration 5 picoseconds [ps] spectral band width 4 cm- repetition rate 80 MHz) are used for the excitation of CARS. The (o and (O2 beams are collinearly combined in time and space, and introduced into the microscope with an oil-immersion objective lens (NA = 1.4) focused onto the sample surface. As the z-polarized component of the... 

Sometimes the DR carries a fired-on silver coating. This is so with coaxial DRs when the outer and inner surfaces of a hollow cylinder are silvered. The Q of the DR can be written... 

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